1797- | 
Gone) into hydrogen and azote. His 
opinion has been fupported by Dr. Bep- 
DOES, but does not appear to have ob- 
tained particular attention from the 
chemifts. 
It isto be lamented, that Mr. Keir 
has delayed the publication of his experi- 
ments on metallic folutions. J. under- 
ftand from thofe who have feen the 2nd 
part of his paper—the firft is in the Phil. 
Tranfa¢tions—that he has deteéted the 
grofleft errors in M. Lav olsiErR’s ftate- 
ments. No man, certainly, whether we 
regard accuracy or information, is better 
qualified to eftablifh juft. principles in 
this important branch of chemiftry. 
There is nothing in chemiftry more cu- 
rious than fome, or more ufeful than 
Others, of the facts related in his firit 
paper. The continuation of this genitle- 
man’s dictionary has been delayed, till the 
world has become weary of expectation. 
The late efforts to apply the new che- 
miftry, on the one hand to agriculture, 
and on the other to medicine, are not 
lefs interefting than the original difco- 
veries themfelves. Mr. KirRWan’s 
Effay on manures is before the public. 
The Board of Agriculture has printed, 
but not publifhed, an Effay on the fame 
fubjeét, by Dr. INGENHOUsz. I believe 
that Board to be in poffeffion of other 
valuable {peculations on manures. 
Colleétions of cafes, in which the re- 
{piration of gaffes has been employed, 
appear from timé to time. I with we 
could look forward to the fpeedy eftab- 
lithment of the propofed Pneumatic 
HosPiraL; or to the employment of 
any other means, capable of {fpeedily 
afcertaining the real virtues of the gaffes 
in medicine. J know not whether this 
view takes in. the moft important cir- 
cumftances, relative to the purfuits and 
opinions of our chemical countrymen— 
Tf not, I hope other correfpondents will 
fupply thedeficiences. Information con- 
cerning the prefent purfuits of experi- 
menters would be extremely defirable, if | 
it fhould be obtained. I am, fir, your’s, 
Faas 1, 2797. SCIOLUS. 
—— 
To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. 
SIR, 
{t is not my intention to enter upon 
~ the difcuffion of any political quef- 
tion, but fimply to propofe a meafure, 
the utility of which is too’ obvious to be 
denied. 
_ 1am not about to fuggeft to the legif- 
Jature any new law, but to offer to lords 
of manors a regulation which, I think, 
Propofal concerning Cottages. 3 
fhould cheerfully proceed from them- 
felves. I fhall not’call upon them to 
part with any portion of their property, 
without fome return. 
Why is it that we fee many whole 
villages in fo ruinous a condition ? It ts 
becaufe the tenants have not a fufficient 
intereft in their cottages to preferve 
them from falling.. Let the lords of 
the manors give notice to their copy- 
holders for lives, that they will, for a 
reafonable confideration, convert their 
houfes into freeholds; and at no very 
diftant time, will they behold the filthy, 
decayed cottage, exchanged for a found, 
and decent tenement; and the counte- 
nance of the cottager, no longer pallid 
through defpair of bettering his hard 
lot; but ruddy with healthful induitry, 
and decked with cheertulnefs. This, 
however, is not the confideration upeor 
which I mean to infit. The lower or- 
ders are charged with being {editioufly 
inclined. Whether this imputaticn, 
which, for the prefent, we will fuppole 
to be well founded, be, or be not in- 
tended to comprehend the labouring in- 
habitants of the country, as well ‘of 
towns, goed muft ftill refult from the 
fteps I recommend. ©The cottager, 
looking forward to the time when he 
fhall have acquired a fuffciency to pur- 
chafe his cottage, practifes diligence and 
fobriety. Has he attained the object of 
his wifhes? He then directs his view to 
the period when by favings he may be 
able to make the infide of his little free- 
hold comfortable, and beautify the ex- 
terior. This is a ftill farther induce- 
ment to him for difcarding habits of 
idlenefs and intoxication, and leading a 
regular and active life. Being now pof- 
fefled of property, he is of confequence 
in his own eftimation—he has a ftake in 
the country—he has fomething to lofe 
by tumult and internal commotion ; and 
therefore, will not only be unwilling to 
promote riot, but readily lend his aid ro 
{upprefs popular outrage. He naturally 
becomes a better man, aud a better 
citizen. The intelligent and amtable 
Count Rumford has afforded a pra€tical 
proof of the principle, there is not fo good 
a method of rendering people virtuous, 
as by firft affifting them to becoine eatly 
in their circumftances, and happy. Let 
his example be followed by the higher 
and more opulent defcription of citi- 
zens; and there will be no occafion to 
dvagoon the inferior claiies into a peace- 
able demeanor. . 
Wiltfbive, Dec, 24, 1796 H. B. 
Ba i Toe 
