$4. 
and a regular rotation of meliorating 
crops prevail. 
Pafled through BaRNsLeEy, a fmall 
market town, eight miles from WaAKE- 
FIELD. A linen manufaéinre exifts 
there. The yarn from Holland ; and the 
closh chiefly exported. 
The generat face of the country 
cheerful; there are feveral tra€ts of 
woodland, and the hedges are clothed 
with trees, principally oak and ath, but 
generally of a dwarf appearance. The 
feats of noblemen and gentlemen are 
feen in various direétions; the principal 
of them are Wentworth Houfe, and 
Stcainmore Hall; the former belonging 
to Earl Bicawillian, and the latter to 
Lord Stafford. Some very high obe- 
litks, which ftand on eminences, at the 
junctions of manors or demefnes, of dif- 
ferent proprietors, firike the eye of the 
traveller, and convey an idea of gran- 
deur. Phe buildings are yood, partly 
ef brick, and partly “of white free-fone, 
In leaving the Tenollen manufacturing 
ecmitry, and approaching that of iron, the 
change 1s anncunced by rhe es 
fmoke, ae from founderies in dif- 
ferent pis cés 
7 es 5) 
chiefly etd by people ‘employe ed 
in the iron works. | 
May rit, went from CHAPELTOWN 
to ECCLESFIELD, in Yorkihire, one 
mile. Ecclesfield, 1s a {mail village ; the 
manufacture of files and nails, &c. is, 
however, carried on to a coniiderable ex- 
tent “ 
May 2d, went from ECCLESFIELD to 
SHEFFIELD, in Yorkfhire, four miles 
_anda half. Soil rather heavy, and cons 
tains a confiderable mixture of whitifh 
clay ; fome wheat appears, but has not 
a promifing afpecét. In this diftriét, I 
obferved {mall traéts of common fields, 
under a bad fyftem of agriculture. The 
buildings are good, modern, and conve- 
nient; the gardens remarkably large, 
and well furnifhed with ufeful plants. 
The roads are in good order, with a 
caufeway on one fide, for the ufe of foot- 
paffengers. 
SHEFFIELD prefents itfelf at a little 
diftance, almoft enveloped in the fmoke 
proceecing from its numerous fire-en- 
gines, founderies, forges, &c. The 
town has rather a fingular appearance, 
from its occupying a “longifh hill, and 
extending over the adjoining vallies, and 
on cther hills at each end ; but, upon the 
whole, it appears to ftand rather ina val- 
ley. The three churches which are 
Zour of England.—Shoffeld. 
[ March, 
erected on the hill, have’a fine effe@ ; 
their {pires overtop the whole town, and 
are rendered fill more majeftic at a 
{mall diftance, by the intervening atmof- 
phere being almoft continually thicken- 
ed with the footy exhalations. 
‘SHEFFIELD is well built, and from 
its fituation the ftreets are generally 
clean; feveral ftreets are wide, open, and 
airy ; others are too narrow. ‘Lhe tham- 
bles were lately built upon an excellent 
plan. The flaughter- houfes, which, in 
large towns, are frequently barbarous 
and difgraceful nuifances, are here built 
clofe to the river, fo that the blood and 
other offenfive and filthy matters, are 
immediately carried off, inftead of run- 
ning down the fireets, as ts the cafe in 
other places, even in the metropolis. An 
infirmary, en an extenfive fcale, is now 
erecting in a convenient fituation; but 
the fame public fpirit has not fhown it- 
felf, in providing a new and more com- 
fortable work-houfe, though equally 
wanted. Near the new infirmary are 
the horfe barracks. 
The population of SHEFFIELD, ex- 
clufive of the acjoining villages, is faid 
to be about 28,000, and including them, 
about 30,oco0r 31,000. ‘This population 
‘Js chiefly fupported by the Sens 
of knives, razors, ‘files, {ciffors, &e. 
Two fmall rivers, which form-a 262 
tion at the town, affift in the turning of 
machinery; and plenty of coals being at 
hand, for the working of fire-engines, 
all the heavy work has, in latter years, 
been performed by means of mechanifm. 
In fhort, the people of this town have 
made one improvement upon anether in 
their manufactures, infomuch, that they 
ate now able to under-fell every other 
Market in the world, im thefe arti. 
les. 
A gentleman remarked to me, that, 
before the introduétion and ufe of ma- 
chinery, in forging iron and fteel, the 
neceflity of doing a all that hard and heavy 
work by the hands of men, occafioned 
Sheffield to abound in cripples, and in 
weak deformed people; but which is not 
new the cafe. The nature of the manu- 
faéture gives, however, to the manufac- 
turers, as well as the town itfelf, a very 
dark complexion. 
Notwithftanding the wonderfully low 
prices at which Sheffield ware is fold to 
retailers, the meaneft knife pafies through 
the hands of five cutlers, im different 
branches of cutlery, before it is finithed. 
The manufacturers earn great wages, 
but are much addiéted to drinking, the 
origin 
é 
