s 
2797-1 
foil is extremely various, from the lighteft 
fandy gravel, to ftrong clay ; in general, 
however, it is mixed, and forms a fertile 
loam; road good, a great part of it 
newly formed, and well made with ex- 
fellent gravel, well adapted to the pur- 
pode ; fields fall; and irregular ; much 
in grafs ; a few tracts, however, laid out 
in wheat, barley, and oats; furface very 
uneven; hedges, for the moft part, 
quickfet ;—climate appears to be healthy ; 
<ood water in abundance.—Farm-houles 
and cottages of brick, generally thatched’ 
with ftraw, although now and then co- 
vered with plain tiles. The country, 
for about eight miles beyond Wirkt- 
worth, ftrongly reminded me of Cum- 
berland. in general, Derbyshire bears 
no little refemblange to that county ; 
with this difference, that the motntains 
in the former are not fo high as thofe 
in the latter. « ‘ 
A few miles on this fide of Derby, I 
paffed Kedefton-hall, the feat of lord 
Scarfdale, fituated three furlongs to the 
right, The road leads through his lord- 
fhip’s park, which is the moft extenfive 
and beautiful I have yet feen, and is well 
furnifhed with the largeft oak, elm, and 
other trees: it alfocontains a great num- 
ber of deer, fheep, and other domettic 
animals. The manfion is fmall, but fup- 
-pofed to be inferior only to one in Eng- 
land, for elegance, and the grandeur and 
beauty of its paintings. On this eftate are 
a cold bath and fpa well, which are found 
to be ufeful in forme complaints, and are 
now under the care of the occupier of the 
adjoining inn. From hence to Derby, 
the land is very fertile, and the country 
teems with delightful profpects. The 
fheep which I faw in Derbythire, are. 
of the long-woolled fort, and an in- 
ferior fort of the Leicefterfhire breed— 
cattle, long-horned, pretty well made, 
and beautifully coloured with red and 
white—horfes, moftly the large, -black, 
rough-legged fort.—I obferved two men 
crofs-ploughing a field of fallow, with 
each four horfes yoked ina line: here, | 
judge the farmer to have fuftained the 
lofs of four horfes’work, andthe pay of two 
drivers, per day, which together cannot 
be eftimated at Jefs than twelve fhillings ! 
—I noticed other farmers fowing barley. 
The lofty fieeple of the church of 
All Saints, in Derby, may be feen at a 
great diftance. 
more parifh churches, exclufive of a 
number of chapels, to which, diffenters,: 
of = dilferent 
denominations, 
Derby. ftands ina fine level fertile dif- 
trict ; is well built with brick, and covered 
.Montruty Mac. No. XVI. 
Queries relative to Public Affairs. 
The town contains four 
repair.—_ 
with flat tile. The market-place is abou® 
300 feet fquare; many of the other 
ftreets, however,’ are too narrow. ‘The 
manufacture of this place is principally 
filk ; 1t is wound, doubled, &c. by ma- 
chinery upon an extenfive plan. Several 
large mills for the purpofe are erected in 
different parts of the town, which em- 
ploy a great number of perfons of all ages 
and fexes. The firft filk mill ever fet 
up in England was erected here many 
years ago, onafpot rendered almoft inac~ 
ceffible by water: the model of it was 
privately brought from abroad by an ad- 
venturer, who kept the conftru€tion a 
fecret for fome time. Silk is alfo woven 
here. 
na-ware, and lead, is alfo carried on 
here, although on a fmaller fcale—A 
canal, communicating with the Trent, 
now comes up tothe town.—Buildings, 
and, of courfe, population, increafing 
rapidly.—Bread, made of wheat, ufed 
by all claffes of people.—Farms, in Der- 
byfhire, fo fat as I have obferved, ra- 
ther fimall than otherwile. 
[ To Se continued. } 
For the Monibly Magazine. 
QUERIES APPLICABLE TO THE WaR 
wittH FRANCE) AND TO THE FoR- 
MER AND PRESENT SITUATION OF 
BRITAIN. 
fe ARE we at this moment WARRING 
for any thing which would not 
have been more fecure to us by continu- 
ing at PEACE, and inducing other Eure- 
pean Powers to do the fame, by the force 
of our example and the weight we had 
every means of preferving in the fcale of 
EuROPE, by the maintenance of a firm, 
fincere, dignified neutrality ? 
2. Have not many of the greateft evils, 
to prevent the contagion of which it was 
afferted this War was undertaken, flowed 
\in upon us in confequence of our being 
engaged in it. Have not laws paffed 
mof{t adverfe to the fpirit of our conftitu- 
tion, moft contrary to political freedom, 
moft adverfe to individual liberty and fafe- 
ty ? Is not the vigour and refpe& due to 
our beft laws weakened? Is not the rez 
form of the great and acknowledged 
abufes in the popular part of our confti- 
tution obftruéted ? Is not our public cre- 
dit fhaken, and a ftop in the circulation 
of cafh felt in a degree and with a fud- 
dennefs which would have been incredi- 
ble, according to our habits and expe- 
rience before the war ? And have not the 
moft leading circumftances which have 
contributed to produce this change, or 
have accompanied and announced it, been 
Qo fuch 
283 
The manufaéture of cotton, Chie 
ih 
Hit 


