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2797.) New Patenis...Siddon’s...Lee’s...Pafinan’ s... Bunting’ s. 
s now fcrewed to the bottom of a /mal/ 
pillar, and the éop of the fame pillar is 
again {crewed to the lock-plate, by which 
means, the fpring is lengthened, and of 
courfe flies off, when ftruck by the cock- 
flint, with greater eafe and velocity.— 
This prllar-/pring is on the outiide of the 
lock, and is the firft part of the improve- 
ment. 
On the im/fide of the common lock is 
fcrewed the principal or main-fpring, 
which is difcharged by the tumbler.— 
The tumbler receives its action from a 
{mall fpring called the fear-fpring, which 
is alfo {crewed to a pil/ar, in the fame 
manner as that defcribed to be prefixed 
to the hammer-fpring, whith is the laf 
part of the improvement, and it produces 
fimilar effects to the firit fpring. 
The objeét of the improvement is 
completely alcertained ; but its principle 
is certainly not a novelty, although, in its 
prefent application, we believe Mr. 
SIDDON to be the firft projector. With 
thofe parts of mechanifm catled /prizgs, 
it is a received Jaw, that the longer a 
main-~{pring is, the eafier will be its elaf- 
ticity, and the facility with which it is 
acted upon will be proportionably in- 
ereafed. As a proof of our obfervation, 
if a common houfe-bell had not the fe- 
mi-circular fteel curve between the body 
ef the bell and the handle, which it ge- 
nerally has, it would neither found fo 
loudly, nor fo clear, nox receive the flight 
fhock fo readily, which the wire conveys 
toit; andit is not improbable but. from 
this machine, Mr. StppoN may have 
taken his improvement. The turners 
make ufe of the fame principle in their 
_ ¢athes, in common with many other ar- 
tilts. oe 
Guns, with thefe locks, will, how- 
ever, be very liable to go off, on receiv- 
ing the {malleft concuffion: we would, 
therefore, recommend to perfons who 
ufe them, to have /fops put to them, to 
~ prevent accidents. 
Mr. Lee’s METHOD OF BRICK 
: MAKING. 
On -the sth of April, Mr. J. Ler, 
of- Lewifham, in Kent, received letters 
ypatent fora New and Improved Method 
of making Srock Bricks. © 
- Mr. Lee direéts the ufual clay, loam, 
earth, and chalk to be nade ufe of ; and to 
be brought to a wa/bing-mill, where it is 
to be mixed in five-fixth parts of clay, 
loam, or earth, andthe ufual quantity of 
water; after which the mill is to be fet to 
. work to wafh the @arth. When fuf- 
ficiently wafhed, the water is to be al- 
353 
lowed to drain of, and the earth is to 
ftand in the trough until it ges to a fuf- 
ficient confiftency that a man may ftand 
thereon. 
He obferves, that when the earth in 
the trough is three feet four inches in 
depth, ten inches of coal-afhes, or what 
is commonly called /o:/, is to be added. 
He direéts the whole to be afterwards 
made ufe of in the ufual method for pre- 
paring Stock Bricks. : 
Mr. Passman’s IMPROVEMENT 
SPINNING Heme, &c. 
On the 25th of March, letters pa- 
tent were granted to Mr. JoHN Pass-. 
MAN, of Doncafter, in the county of 
York, for an improved method of Rov- . 
ing, Drawing, and Spinning, Wool,.- 
Hemp, Flax, Mohair, Silk, &c. &c. 3% 
The greateft obitacle and inconve- 
nience in all fpinning machines 1s, that 
the cotton-bobbin roves backwards and 
forwards even with the greateft care and 
attention; and this sraverfizg, which is 
the technical term of the inconvenience, 
Mr. Passman has contrived to obviate, 
without lift, trap, or any of the ufual 
modes of conveying motion tothe {pin- 
dle. Mr. PassmMawn’s method is, to con- 
ftruét pullies overthe frame, from which 
a cord runs throuzh each /dreve, and 
communicates with the {pindle, which, 
on receiving the fmaileft power, is put in 
motion, and is continued by the pullies 
for a confiderable time, with the afhftance 
of a lever, which takes off confiderably 
from tue necefiary weight. by an im- 
provement in the pulley, its powers are 
increafed very confiderably. 
Mr. Bunrine’s RETROGRADATORY 
MACHINE. 
Oa the 25th of March, letters patent 
were granted to Mr. EpmuNpD Bunr- 
ING, of Pittman’s-buildings, Old-ftreet, 
Tronmonger, for a Machine for producing 
Retrogradatory Motion. 
Every advancement towards the im- 
provement of sotio2 is an object in the 
utility of which ail men are concerned. 
By the unequalled ingenuity of the ma- 
nufacturing engines of this country, it 
has been enabled to underfell contempo- 
rary commercial nations. By their means 
we have lefs occafion for manual labour 
Im our manufactures than other nations. 
To thefe ufeful pu pofes Mr. BUNTING 
has contributed a part, by the exercite 
of the very extenfive mechanical fkill 
which he appears to poffefs. 
The RErTROGRADATORY MacHINE 
confilts of an axle, fufpended horizon- 
tally on its centre points. Inthe centre 
3D2 ee Of 
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