MELANESIAN ANNOTATIONS ON THE VOCABULARY. TS 
the New Guinea and Bismarck Archipelago region and so far support 
Captain Friederici’s argument in favor of a migration exit through 
Vitiaz Straits, which would bring the canoe fleets so far to leeward 
as to fall into my Viti stream, for which I have suggested the exit 
from Indonesia through Torres Straits. This comports well with the 
fact that all these Melanesian identifications lie within the region 
reached by that migration stream, to which we should add 11 Adaua 
from Dyke Acland Bay in New Guinea. ‘This can have no bearing 
on my Torres Straits exit, for the two streams must inevitably mingle 
at the Louisiades and thenceonward flow in common. 
boro type, items 18-87.—The life-history of this stem is so pecu- 
liarly complicated that we shall find it advisable to examine its variety 
in accordance with the table on page 70, in which it occupies classes 
Peters G, H, and I. 
Class D, 1tems 18-46.—Here we find the initial consonant as b in 
18-20, 24-26, 28, 30-37, and with preface of the nasal of the same 
series mb in 21-23, 27, and 29; as p in 38-45; as f in the single instance 
of 46 foro from four languages closely set together in Collingwood Bay 
in New Guinea, where the natural drainage is through the Dampier- 
Vitiaz Straits. The second consonant, the liquid, is r in most cases; 
the simple mutant 1 is found in 24-27, 36-37, 42 and 45. ‘The close 
resemblance between 46 foro and 14 voko suggests examination; to 
link the two would require the establishment of the k-r or r-k mutation. 
In the extended mutation studies in the ‘Polynesian Wanderings”’ 
the former does not appear at all, the latter in but a single instance 
(op. cit. 366). We regard foro—voko as no more than a resemblance. 
The former vowel o holds in a majority of the forms. A mutation 
to a appears in 25 and 35, this o-a interplay being not infrequent in 
these languages. 
Friederici has very shrewdly interpreted the evidently compacted 
25 balauta as bolo-uta, the hog of the bush. The only possible 
objection is that uta of the landward regions is distinctively a Poly- 
nesian word which I have not elsewhere had the opportunity of dis- 
covering in Melanesia, with the sole exception of Nguna euta landward 
apud ‘Tregear. In Indonesia it is found in Malay utan and Visayan 
yuta. In the paucity of our vocabulary material this failure to find 
uta is inconsiderable. ‘This uta appears in Mota, and Codrington 
and Palmer make the note that it is used very commonly in Melanesia, 
all of which confirms Friederici’s ingenious reading of the compacted 
form. Another compaction, 41 aiporo, he interprets as a determinan 
compound of ai from the intrusive gai word for pig with the common 
poro, a possibility in these languages. In 37 béli we have a double 
vowel change, but 36 bdlé may serve as an intermediate step in the 
passage. The latter vowel 0 remains through a majority of these 
forms. The mutation o—a is found only in 25 balauta. The frequent 
