MELANESIAN ANNOTATIONS ON THE VOCABULARY. 53 
45. kalak wooden pillow. 
REFERENCES: Melanesische Wanderstrasse, 109: 81. Deutsch-Neuguinea, 209: 87. 
Polynesian Wanderings, 241. 
POLYNESIAN. 
alunga Samoa. uluna _- Hawaii. 
aruna Nuguria. urua Tahiti. 
olunga ‘Tonga. turua Tahiti, Marquesas. 
urunga Maori, Rarotonga, Mangareva. | rurunga Paumotu. 
ulunga Futuna, Uvea, Niué. rangua Rapanui. 
MELANESIAN. 
1. na kdlinga Kilenge. 15. 6langon Lakurumau. 
2. nakdliinga Barriai. 16. 6lana Hamatana. 
3. gulangén JLauan, Nonapai, Lakure- | 17. 6lingén Lawu. 
fanga. 18. élingén Panagai. 
4. gulingain lLauan, Nonapai, Lakure- | 19. Glingen Panaras. 
fanga. 20. ulunga Mota Veverau. 
5. kalak Sissano, Arop, Yakomul, | 21. ulGngén Avelus, Lossuk. 
Dakur, Put, Kumenim. | 22. dltingén Bagail, Majum, Mongai, 
6. kalaik Paup. Sali, Lemakot. 
7. kalaké Kaip. 23. Gltingin Fezoa. 
8. kalik Bilibili. 24. uilinga Ponape. 
9g. kalika Bogadjim. 25. tiilana Hanahan. 
10. kélu Vrinagol, Tsinapali, Akur. | 26. ulumwa Efaté. 
11. aliga Manam. 27. unua Dufaure Island. 
12. alok Tumleo. 28. luluna Wuvulu, Aua. 
13. ilinga Mota Maligo. 29. lala Limba, Langanie. 
14. 6langén Munuwai, Lochagon, Ne- | 30. pilingén lLamassa. 
massalang. 31. vatliangén Tegarot. 
The technical question is well discussed by Friederici in his ‘‘Mela- 
nesische Wanderstrasse,”’ as cited above. In Samoa, where we have 
abundant material wherewith to study the vocabulary of the elder or 
Proto-Samoan migration and the junior or Tongafiti swarm, we find 
alunga used of the soft pillow or roll of siapo and (k)‘ali of the wooden 
headrest. In the examination of this Melanesian series we shall find 
the point at which these two now diverse terms unite in a common 
stem. In the Polynesian series we may follow a series from alunga to 
urua which involves none but familiar mutations; to this series belongs 
Rapanui rangua, as explained in detail sub voce in “Easter Island.”’ 
In Tahiti turua and Paumotu rurunga we see the impulse to preface the 
alunga stem with some consonant. In the similarly prefaced forms in 
Melanesia we have no instance of a prefaced t, but the Paumotu rurunga 
is immediately paralleled by 29 luluna. In the examination of the 
prefaces in Melanesia we find a consistent series through the first 1o 
items in which the palatal is used, k 8 times, the sonant g twice. ‘This 
series of prefaced forms has particular importance in establishing the 
stem unity of alunga and ‘ali. From 1 kiélingad under the interplay of 
vowels which freely characterizes this stem, together with the common 
and serial ng—k mutation, the first step leads us to 7 kaluke, the next by 
added vowel change to g kalika, the next to 8 kalik; from this point 
abrasion of the final consonant yields kali, which has not yet been 
discovered in Melanesian material but is suggested by 10 kélu; kali is 
