108 SISSANO. 
n this stem the variant in the same speech 69 haul. The evanescence 
of the mute under the protection of an interior position is anomalous, 
but this clear instance serves in explication of the Melanesian forms 
which have undergone the same loss (45-51). These forms are equally 
divided between the southern Solomons and Torres Straits, and for 
whatsoever value it may possess we note that the Indonesian instance 
derives from the extreme east of that region and convenient to the 
southern exit. 
14. atin dog. 
REFERENCES: Melanesische Wanderstrasse, 57:70, 104 a. Deutsch Neu-Guinea, 
190, 205:51, 216, 219. Ray, 396:36, 487:36. 
MELANESIAN. 
1. kau Ngela, Anudha. I5. gaune Kilenge, Maleu. 
2. kaua Barriai, Geelvink Bay, 16. g’one Manukolo 
Tami, Vitu, Roro, Ka- | 17. ngaun Graget. 
badi. 18. kaptina Limba, Langanie. 
3. kauwa Kobe, Vitu, Barriai. 19. kaptiiné Kowamerara, Sigab, Liki- 
4. kauwek New Hanover. liki. 
5. kauuku Murua. 20. mi-kop6n Tatau. 
6. kauna Nayama-Panaras. 21. kapul Lambom. 
7. kaunod ‘Tobadi. 22. gabun Kelana, Rook. 
8. kawuna Lobo. 23. baun Bogadjim. 
9. koung Tami. 24. haun Suein. 
10. kénye Ingros, Entsau. 25. atin Sissano, Arop, Tumleo, 
11. kanua Rotuma. Seleo, Paup, Yakomul. 
12. gaun Siar, Ragetta, Langtub, | 26. awuna Namatote. 
Bilibili, Szeak-Bagili, | 27. wona Ansus, Wandamen. 
Karkar. 28. auwou Wedau. 
13. gaon Siassi. 29. bwauwa_ Tubetube. 
14. gawun Siassi. 
INDONESIAN. 
30. kafuna East Ceram. 37. kaho Tobelo. 
31. affina Watu Bela. 38. asu Old Java, Sanguir. 
32. apula Gorontalo. 39. assu Ceram. 
33. kapuna Bentenan, Siau. 40. wasua Ceram. 3 
34. kauna Halmaheira. 41. jassu Ceram. 
35. kaso Halmaheira. 42. ahu Sikka. 
36. kasu Galela. 43. aho Halmaheira. 
Nowhere in this collocation do we find anything which suggests 
the common Polynesian kuli dog stem, very little which seems associ- 
able with any stem in the eastern languages which might apply to 
the dog. In the Indonesian material we discover two or perhaps three 
stems which appear to maintain independent existence; these are in 
type form afuna, auna, and asu. 
Stem asu—The variety in the treatment of this stem is very slight 
and the several forms depart in the least degree from the type. The 
final vowel undergoes modification to o in 43 aho, 35 kaso, and 37 
kaho. ‘The central s remains unchanged, except for the frequent and 
readily comprehended substitution of aspiration for sibilant in 42 ahu, 
43 aho, 37 kaho. A tendency toward the assumption of a consonant 
preface becomes apparent in the initial semivowel in the Ceram forms 
