INSCRIPTIONS OF THE MIDDLE PERIOD. 137 
human figure is sculptured on the front, the back and sides being inscribed 
with glyphs. On the basis of the arrangement of the design it may be assigned 
to Class 4. 
The Initial Series is recorded on the back, the Initial Series introducing 
glyph appearing in al-B2.. The cycle-sign and coefficient in a3 are entirely 
effaced; the latter (a3a) was doubtless 9. The katun coefficient is partially 
effaced, though fortunately enough remains to show that it was the death’s 
head, 7. ¢., the numeral Io. 
The tun-sign and coefficient in a4 are again entirely effaced, and the 
uinal coefficient in B4a almost so. The uinal-sign (B4d) is the full-figure 
variant, found also on Stela 12 in the corresponding position (see plate 17, 
B4D), and also on Stele 24 and 15. 
The kin-sign and coefficient and the day-sign and coefficient, as and Bs 
respectively, are very clear. As the latter is surely 6 Ahau, the former must 
be o kins. Quite irregularly this sign for o seems to have as its essential 
element the fleshless lower jaw, usually the determining characteristic 
of the head for 10. That this el glyph can only be o, however, has just 
been explained, and we may con clude, therefore, that the fleshless lower 
jaw sometimes stands for 0 as well as for Io. 
The only other places known where this element has this value are 
on Stele 19 and 3 here at Copan, which also date either from 9.11.0.0.0 or 
very near thereto. In Stela 19, the kin coefficient, like that of Stela 2, 
also has the fleshless lower [awe / eee oa and since its day-sign is Age 
distinctly Ahau, this element can fe il | only have the value o as here on 
Stela 2. Soll 
The other example of this use of the fleshless lower jaw for 0 is found on 
Stela 3. Here the Initial Series terminal date is very clearly 12 Ahau 8 Ceh, 
and although the Initial Series number itself is partially effaced, the record 
of an “End of Katun 11” after the Initial Series terminal date indicates that 
this 12 Ahau 8 Ceh could have been none other than g.11.0.0.0 12 Ahau 
8 Ceh. Now, on Stela 3 (plate 19, a, a3a u. h.), the tun coefficient of the Initial 
Series number (° Cal has the same fleshless lower jaw as in the other two 
examples just Yi >” cited, and the accompanying calculations show that it 
also couldonly <= have stood for o. 
It seems safe to conclude, therefore, from the foregoing erence that 
on these three monuments at es, the fleshless lower jaw was used to denote 
o instead of 10. This unusual practice, however, does not appear to have 
prevailed at any other Maya city, and here at Copan only in the case of these 
three monuments, all of which date from the same hotun or two consecutive 
ones; and it is much more likely to have been due to the influence of a single 
sculptor, the idiosyncracy of one priest, rather than to any fundamental 
duality in the meaning and significance of this element. 
Returning to our text in plate 18, the Supplementary Series will be 
found following the day of the Initial Series terminal date, 7. ¢., at Ac—B7a u. h., 
y 
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