EARLY PRIZES FOR ATHLETES. 19 
spirit of the holders of the games, who thereby celebrated the dead in 
whose honor the contest was held. In Homer’s account of the funeral 
games of Patroklos, each contestant, whether victorious or not, re- 
ceived a prize. In one case a prize was given where the contest was 
not held. In the chariot-race five prizes were offered: for the winner a 
slave girl and a tripod; for the second best a six-year-old mare in foal; 
for the third a cauldron; for the fourth two talents of gold; and for the 
last a two-handled cup.!' For the wrestling match the winner received 
a tripod worth twelve oxen, while the vanquished received a skilled 
slave woman worth four oxen.” For the boxing match a mule was the 
first prize and a two-handled cup the second.* For the foot-race a 
silver bowl of Sidonian make, an ox, and half a talent of gold were 
the prizes.’ 
Hesiod records his winning a tripod for a victory gained in singing 
at the games of Amphidamas at Chalkis. Tripods were the common- 
est prizes at all early games and it was not till later that they became 
connected especially with Apollo’s worship. They were presented for all 
sorts of contests, for chariot-racing,® horse-racing,’ the foot-race,® box- 
ing,’ and wrestling.!? They were presented at various games in honor 
of different gods and heroes: ¢. g., those in honor of Apollo at the 777- 
opia" and Panionia of Mykale;’ of Dionysos at Athens and Rhodes; 
of Herakles at the Herakleia of Thebes and elsewhere; of Pelias;!® of 
Patroklos.*® They were kept in temples dedicated to various gods: ¢. g., 
in those of Apollo at Delphi, at Amyklai,!” and on Delos,” at the Ptoian 
sanctuary” and in the Ismenion at Thebes;”° in the temples of Zeus at 
Olympia and Dodona;”! of Herakles at Thebes;” at the Hierothesion in 
Messene,” etc. Later, because it served the Pythian priestess, the tri- 
pod became a part of the Apolline cult and the special attribute of that 
god.*4 Gold and silver-vessels and articles of bronze were everywhere 
used as prizes. Inearly days bronze was very valuable. Pindar proves 

liad, XXIII, 262-70; cf. XXII, 163-4, where the prizes were slave women and tripods. 
2Tbid., 700-5. 3[bid., 653-6. 4Tbid., 740-51. 5Op., 653-9; cf. Scut., 312-13. 
STliad, XI, 700; X XIII, 264; Hesiod, Scut., 312. It is thus represented on a Dipylon vase: 
Mon. d. I., 1X, 1869-73, Pl. XX XIX, 2; on the Corinthian vase representing the funeral games 
of Pelias and Amphiaraos: ibid., X, Pl. V B; on the Frangois vase, and on many others. 
MTliad, XXII, 164; cf. Gerhard, IV, Pl. CCXLVII. 
8Gerhard, IV, Pl. CCLVI. 
°On an amphora by Nikosthenes: Klein, Griech. Vasen mit Metstersignaturen,? 1887, Pl. XXXI. 
1TJiad, X XIII, 702, as above. uHdt., I, 144. 
12Ton, ap. P., VII, 4.10. 13Aristeid., I, p. 841 (ed. Dindorf). 
4Polemon ap. schol. on Pindar, O/., VII, 153, Boeckh, pp. 180-1. 
1464Qn the above-mentioned Corinthian vase: Mon. d. I., X, Pls. IV, V; on the chest of Kyp- 
geloss Pav, 17:14. 
16Tn the Iliad, as above. 7P_, III,18. 7-8. 184. Z., XL, 1882,'p.333; B.C. H., VI,/1882, p. 118. 
Cet; 1885, p. 478. sop, LX, 10.4; Hdt., I, 92. 
See Carapanos, Dodone et ses Ruines, 1878, pp. 40, 41, and 229, and Pl. XXIII, 2.2 dis, 3, 4. 
2P., X, 7.6. ‘ BPS Vest. 
40On the tripod, see Reisch, pp. 6-7 and 58-9; Roiee pp. 150-1 and 355; most of the above 
examples have been taken from these writers. 
