34 EARLY GREEK GAMES AND PRIZES. 
attempts.!. More than fifty years later Kallippos, a pentathlete of 
Athens, bribed his opponents and, being detected, all were fined and 
from the money, finally collected from the recalcitrant Athenians 
through the influence of the oracle at Delphi, six more Zanes were 
erected.2. Straton (or Stratonikos), of Alexandria, won in wrestling 
and the pankration on the same day in Ol. 178 (=68 B.C.). In the 
wrestling match he had two adversaries, Eudelos and Philostratos of 
Rhodes. ‘The latter had bribed Eudelos to sell out and, being detected, 
had to pay a fine. Out of this money another Zan was set up and still 
another at the cost of the Rhodians.* In Ol. 192 (=12 B.C.) and in Ol. 
226 (=125 A.D.), we hear of fines for such corruption out of which addi- 
tional Zanes were erected.* In Ol. 201 (=25 A.D.) Sarapion, a pancrati- 
ast from Alexandria, became so afraid of his antagonist that he fled the 
day before the contest and was fined—the only case recorded of an 
athlete being fined for cowardice at Olympia.’ In Ol. 218 (=93 A.D) 
another Alexandrine, named Apollonios, was fined for arriving too 
late for the games at Olympia. His excuse of being detained by winds 
was found to be false, and it was discovered that he had been making 
moné€y on the games in Ionia.® 
/Lases_of-bribery were known at other games. A third-century 
4 C. inscription from Epidauros records how three ath were fined 
one thousand staters each 61a 76 dbetpey To’s ay@vas.’ ‘Lhe venality 
of Isthmian victors 1s shown by the account of a competitor who 
promised a rival three thousand-drachmz-to let him win and then, on 
_winning on his merits, refused to pay, though the defeated contestant 
swore on the altar of Poseidon that he had been promised the amount.°® 
The emperor Nero, in order to win in singing at the Isthmus, had to 
resort to force. A certain Epeirote singer refused to withdraw unless 
he received ten talents. Nero, to save himself from defeat, sent a band 
of men who pummelled his antagonist so that he could not sing.’ 
, Often the home-coming of a victor at one of the national games was 
thé occasion for a public celebration. Sometimes the whole city turned 
out to meet the hero.’°\ The victory was recorded on pillars, and poets 
composed songs in its honor which were sung by choruses of girls and 
boys. Sometimes a statue was set up in the agora or on the Akropolis. 
1p., V, 21.3-4. Eupolos won in Ol. 98 (=388 B. C.): Foerster, 313. See Plans A and B. 
2P., V, 21.5; Kallipos won Ol. 112 (=332 B. C.): Foerster, 385. 
3P., V, 21.8 f.; on Straton, see Foerster, 570-1. 
4P., V, 21.16-17; see Foerster, 598 (for the Elean boy wrestler Polyktor, son of Damonikos); P 
V, 21.15; Foerster 684 (for the boxer Didas and his antagonist Sarapammon, both Egyptians). 
On cases of bribery at Olympia, see Gardiner, pp. 134-5 and 174; Krause, Olympia, pp. 144 f. 
DATS PARE 6P., V, 21.12-14. 
7Dittenberger, Sylloge Inscriptionum Graecarum,? II, 689; Cavvadias (Kabbadias), Foudlles 
d’Epidaure, 1, 1891, p. 77, no. 238. 
8Ph., 45. He says that victories were bought and sold in his day and that the practice was 
ea hcts ved by trainers. Cf. Gardiner, p. 219. 
*Lucian, Nero, 9. Cf. Gardiner, pp. 218-219 10See Gardiner, p. 77. 
