HONORARY STATUES. 41 
curious dedication was a bronze chapel, which the Sikyonian tyrant 
Myron dedicated to Apollo at Olympia.!. In later days it became 
part of the treasury of the Sikyonians.? Outside Olympia various 
monuments commemorating Olympic victors were set up. These will 
be discussed in Chapter VIII. 
HONORARY STATUES. 
At Olympia, as elsewhere in Greece, statues were set up to men 
honoris causa. Such statues would be dedicated by admirers, either 
individuals or states. “They were in no sense intended to honor the 
god, though at Olympia they might be classed as &va@juara, just as 
victor statues, merely because they were erected in the sacred precinct. 
They were granted to individuals not as a privilege, as victor statues 
were, but as free gifts. Dio Chrysostom gives the difference between 
victor statues—which he classes as 4va8juara—and such honor statues 
in these words: Tatra (1. ¢., victor statues) yap éoTw dvabjyuata: al 
6 eixOves Tiuat: KaKetva (victor statues) dédoTar Tots Oeots, Tadra 6e€ 
(honor statues) Tots ayafots avépaow oimep eisly éyytota adray.® Pliny 
records that the Athenians inaugurated the custom of a state setting up 
statues in honor of men at the public expense with the statues of the 
tyrannicides Harmodios and Aristogeiton by the sculptor Antenor, 
which were erected in 509 B.C., the year in which the tyrants were 
expelled. He adds that a “refined ambition” led to a universal adop- 
tion of the custom and that statues began to adorn public places every- 
where and later on even private houses. ‘The custom grew apace in the 
later history of Greece. Demetrios of Phaleron is said to have had 
over three hundred statues erected in his honor durimg his short régime 
of about a year in Athens. ‘The Diadochoi and the Roman emperors 
enthusiastically took over the custom. Pliny gives several Roman 



Olympia Pausanias mentions honorary statues erected to thirty- 
ve men for various reasons. ‘To several of these men more than one 
statue was erected.’ The greater number of these statues were erected 
to kings and princes, to those of Sparta,® Athens,’ Epeiros,'? Sicily," 
1He won the chariot-race in Ol. 33 (=648 B. C.): Foerster, 51. 
2P., VI, 19.2; on the mistake of Pausanias, see Flasch, in Baum., II, p. 1104 B. 
30r., XX XI, 596 R (=328 M). 471; N., XXXIV, 17. 
5H. N., XXXIV, 23-4. The subject of portrait honorary statues at Athens has been treated by 
L. B. Stenessen, de Historia vartisque Generibus statuarum iconicarum apud Athenienses, Chris- 
tiania, 1877; for all Greece by M. K. Welsh, Honorary Statues in Ancient Greece, B. S. 4., XI, 
1904-5, pp. 32-49. 6See list in Hyde, Index on p. V. 
7King Hiero of Syracuse had five: Hyde, 147 a (=three) and 105a (=two); Antigonos Monoph- 
thalmos had three: Hyde, 103 d, 147 f, 151 b. 
8Archidamas III, son of Agesilaos: P., VI, 4.9; Hyde, 42 a; VI, 15.7; Hyde, 147 c; Areus, son 
of Akrotatos, P., VI, 12.5; Hyde, 105 b; VI, 15.9; Hyde, 148 a: Inschr. v. O1., 308. 
Demetrios Poliorketes, P., VI, 15.7; Hyde, 147 e; Inschr. v. Ol., 304; VI, 16.3; Hyde, 152 b. 
10Pyrrhos: P., VI, 14.9; Hyde, 128 a. 
1Hiero II: P., VI, 12.2 f. (two statues set up by his sons: Hyde, 105 a); VI, 15.6 (three statues, 
_ one set up by sons, two by fellow-citizens: Hyde, 147 a). 
