62 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VICTOR STATUES AT OLYMPIA. 
Athenian pancratiast Kallias: Micon athletis spectatur1 The same 
writer says of the horses of Kalamis: equis sine aemulo expressis.? 
Kalamis with Onatas of Aegina made a chariot-group for the Syra- 
cusan king Hiero.? Pausanias, in mentioning the statue of the boxer 
Euthymos by Pythagoras, says that it 1s kal Oéas és Ta wadtora aéos.* 
In mentioning the statue by the same sculptor of the wrestler Leon- 
tiskos, he says: eurep Tis Kal dos ayabds Ta és TAaGTLKHY.’ Of the 
Argive sculptor Naukydes he says, when speaking of the statue of the 
wrestler Cheimon, that it is among the finest works of that artist.® 
In another passage, in which he describes the dedication of Phormis 
at Olympia, he speaks of an ugly horse, which, besides being smaller 
than other sculptured horses in the Altis, has “‘its tail cut off, and this 
makes it still uglier.’’” However, here he is not so much interested in 
its lack of beauty as in the curious fact which he adds, that despite 
its ugliness this bronze mare attracted stallions. 
GREEK ORIGINALS OF: VICTOR STATUES: 
Weare not, however, dependent upon such meagre scraps of evidence 
from classical writers, nor upon contested Roman copies,® for an idea 
of the workmanship of some of the Olympic victor statues. We can 
judge it in no uncertain way by the few originals found at Olympia 
and by others which are to be found in European museums. As 
an example of the former we have only to recall the life-size bronze 
bearded head of a boxer or pancratiast of the third century B. C., 
which is-now in the National Museum at Athens® (Fig.61, A and B). 
Its only decoration, an olive crown whose leaves have disappeared, 
proves it to be from the statue of a victor, and its wild locks, brutal 
look, flattened nose, and wide mouth represent a naturalistic study of 
the utmost strength and fineness, which could only have been pro- 
duced after the time of Lysippos. We shall discuss this remark- 
able head more fully in Chapter IV. As examples of original victor 
1H, N., XXXIV, 88. Kallias won in Ol. 77 (=472 B..C.): P., VI, 6.1; Oxy. Pap.; Hyde, 50; 
Foerster, 208; Inschr. v. Ol., no. 146. 
2Tbid., XXXIV, 71. 
3K alamis made the horses and jockeys, Onatas the chariot: P., VI, 12.1; Hiero won twice in the 
horse-race and once in the chariot-race in Ols. 76-78 (=476-468 B. C.): Oxy. Pap.; Hyde, 105; 
Foerster, 199, 209, 215. 
4VI, 6.6. He won in Ols. 74, 76-7 (=484, 476-472 B. C.): Oxy. Pap.; Hyde, 56; Foerster, 
185; 195,207; 
5VI, 4.4. He wonin Ols. 81 and 82 (=456-452 B. C.): Oxy. Pap.; Hyde, 38; Foerster, 202, 203. 
6VI, 9.3. He won in.Ol. 83 (=448 B. C.): Oxy. Pap.; Hyde, 88; Foerster, 285. 
IN DT eae 
SBulle, p. 104, remarks that up to the present no single Roman copy can be proved to be 
that of an Olympic victor statue. ‘This fact must be constantly borne in mind. 
9No. 6439; Stais, Marbres et Bronzes, pp. 299-300 and fig.; Ausgr. v. Ol., V, Pls. XXI, 
XXII, and p. 14; Funde v. Ol., Pl. XXIII, and p. 16; Bronz. v. Ol., Textbd., pp. 10-11; Tafelbd., 
Pl. II, 2 and 2a; Boetticher, Olympia, Pl. XI, 1; Baum., p. 1104 00, figs. 1296, a and b; F. W., 
no. 323; Bulle, 235 and fig. 154, on p. 501; von Mach, 482; B. B., 247. 
