ASSIMILATION OF OLYMPIC VICTOR STATUES. Oa 
statue of the Akarnanian pancratiast Philandridas by Lysippos!(Front- 
ispiece and Fig. 69) will be discussed in a later chapter.2. The swollen 
ears and hair-fllet might pass for hero or mortal, for in deciding 
whether a given head represents Herakles or a victor, the ears are not 
the deciding criterion, since many heroes had the “‘ pancratiast”’ swollen 
ear, as we shall see ache A good example of assimilation is seen in the 
beautiful little marble head of a man, found in Athens and now in the 
Glyptothek Ny-Carlsberg in Copenhagen, dating from the early Hel- 
lenistic age. As traces of color remain in the hair, some have thought 
that this head came from the reliefs on the ‘Alexander’ sarcophagus 
from Sidon, belonging to the body of aheadless youth represented there. 
Though the marble (Pentelic) and the dimensions would fit, it would be 
the only head on the sarcophagus with a band in the hair, and so the 
question can not be definitely decided.’ The head was at first called a 
Herakles, though Furtwaengler rightly saw in it an ideal representation 
of an athlete, even if the ears are not swollen. A bronze head of a youth 
from Herculaneum, now in Naples, is evidently a part of the statue 
of a victor or of Herakles.> A Polykleitan ephebe head-type, with 
rolled fillet around the hair and swollen ears, represented by replicas 1 in 
Naples, in Rome, and elsewhere, may represent a boxer in the guise of the 
hero.° Inthe Roman copy of the group of Herakles and Telephos in the 
Museo Chiaramonti of the Vatican, Herakles, still the god, wears a fillet.” 
Similarly, a colossal head of mediocre workmanship in the Sala dei Busti 
of the Vatican represents the hero with a fillet,’ while another head 
in the Capitoline Museum, with fillet and swollen ears, seems to rep- 
resent Herakles as a victorious athlete.’ Many other heads in various 
museums, which are commonly called heads of Herakles, may represent 
athletes in the heroic guise. A good example is the Parian marble 
terminal bust of the fourth century B. C., representing a young Hera- 
kles wreathed with poplar, now in the British Museum (Fig. 31)."° 
ee vi 2:1. 2Ch. VI, pp. 293 f., especially pp. 298-299. 
3La Glypt. Ny-Carlsberg, Pl. 117 (three views). It was formerly in the Tyskiewicz collection 
4See Arndt, J. c. Furtwaengler believed the head Praxitelean: see Roscher, Lex., I, 2, p. 2166 
ll. 61 f. S. Reinach saw init a mélange of Skopaic and Praxitelean elements: Gaz. d. B.-A., 3, 
Per., XVI, 1896, II, p. 332 and fig. on p. 328; Tétes, Pl. 176, p. 139; he is followed by Arndt. 
5Antichita di Ercolano, Bronzi, I, Pls. 49 and 50; D. Comparetti e G. de Petra, La Villa 
Ercolanese dei Pisoni, 1883, Pl. VII, 3, p. 261, 4; Rayet, II, Pl. 66; B. B., no. 364; F. W., 1302. 
Similarly, the bronze head of a youth in Naples, with a rolled fillet, may be from the statue of a 
victor or of the hero: Invent., 5594; B. B., 365. 
8For the Naples replica, see Comparetti e de Petra, Villa Ercolan., Pl. XXI,3; Furtw., Mp. 
p. 234, fig. 95; Mw., p. 430, fig. 65; poorer copy in the Museo Chiaramonti of the Vatican (no. 
139): Helbig, Guide, 69; B. B., 338; another in Broadlands, England: Michaelis, p. 220, no. 10; 
Mp., p. 235, fig. 96; Mw., p. 431, fig. 66. Graef had already conjectured the type to be that of a 
Polykleitan Herakles: R. M., IV, 1889, p. 215. He is followed by Furtwaengler, Mp., p. 23. 
7Amelung., Vat., I, p. 738, no. 636 and Pl. 79; Helbig, Fuehrer, I, no. 108; Guide, 113; B B., 
no. 609; Furtw., M>., p. 341, fig. 146 (head, on p. 342, fig. 147); Mw., p. 575, fig. 109 (head, 
on p. 577, fig. 110). The group is 2.12 meters high (Amelung.). 
SHelbig, Guide, no. 242. 9Helbig, zbid., no. 470; R. M., IV, 1889, p. 197, no. 12 (Skopaic). 
10Tt was found in Genzano: B. M. Sculpt., III, no. 1731 and PI. V, fig. 2; height, 1 foot, 478 
inches; for references, see infra., p. 169, n. 8. 

