156 VICTOR : STATUES REPRESENTED: AT REST. 
with which the wreath was adorned.! The left hand carried an attri- 
bute, but probably not a palm-branch as Helbig assumed, since such 
a branch, if of metal, would have left traces on the shoulder. The 
same restoration has been proposed for another statue.2_ A crown on 
the head, together with the remains of fingers near it, has been noticed 
on a bronze statue of Eros, of Hellenistic workmanship, found off Tunis 
in the sea,’ which shows Polykleitan influence. 
The statue of a Boy Crowning Himself, which has survived in 
many Roman copies and variant Greek originals, notably in the 
so-called Westmacott Athlete of the British Museum (Pl. 19),* a frag- 
mentary statue of poorer workmanship in the Barracco collection 
in Rome,’ and a Greek copy from Eleusis now in the National 
Museum in Athens,® and identified by many archeologists with the 
statue of the boy boxer Kyniskos by Polykleitos at Olympia, should be 
discussed here. While the Westmacott Athlete appears to be a copy 
from the original bronze, the Barracco statue, though showing the 
same pose, is unlike it in the treatment of hair and muscles, and with 
its Attic head, seems to be a carelessly executed variant, more or less 
Myronian in style, of the Polykleitan original. While its original may 
be assigned to the end of the fifth century B.C., the Eleusis variant, 
with its head differently placed, is not a Roman copy, but a Greek orig- 
inal statue showing the Polykleitan motive carried into the soft Attic 
style of the fourth century B.C.” A fine copy of the head alone is in 
the possession of Sir Edgar Vincent, in his Constantinople collection.® 

1The Anuvioxos (Lat. lemniscus) was merely the woolen fillet by which chaplets were fastened 
on; Hesychios says it is a Syracusan word;1n any case it is used only by Roman writers and Greek 
writers of the Roman age: 4. G., XII, 123; Plut., Sulla, 27; Polyb., XVIII, 46 (where orégavor 
and \nuvioxor are differentiated, though they are usually interchangeable); C. J. G., III, 5361; 
C. I. A., I, 74. Pliny says that it was of Etruscan origin, H. N., X XI, 4, and that it was at 
first made of wool or linden-bark and later of gold; cf. XVI, 25. It was used at Rome at feasts, as 
a sign of special honor to guests: Plaut., Pseudolus, (line 1265); Livy, XX XIII, 33.2; Suet., Nero, 
25. For the Roman use of the lemniscus for athletic victors and poets, cf. Cicero, Or. pro Sext. 
Roscio Amerino ,35, 100; Ausonius, Epist., XX, 6; etc. On the lemniscus, see Dar.-Sagl., III, 2, 
pp. 1099-1100. 2R. M., VI, 1891, p. 304, no. 3. : 
8Mon. Piot, XVII, 1909, Pls. II, III and pp. 29 f. (Merlin and Poinssot). 
4B. M. Sculpt., WT, no. 1754; B. B., 46; Marbles and Bronzes, Pl. XXII; Collignon, I, fig. 255, 
on p. 500; Furtw., Mp., p. 252, fig. 105; Mvw.,- p. 457, fig. 75 (back view); Springer-Michaelis, 
p. 275, fig. 495; Reinach, Rép., II, 2, 546, 9. Itis 4 ft. 11 in. high (Smith), 7. ¢., 1.48 meters. 
*Helbig, Cat. Coll:-Barracco, no. 99, Pls: 38:and 38 a; id., Fuehrer, 1, 1083; sketches of the West- 
macott and Barracco copies in Kekulé, 49stes Berl. Winckelmannsprogr., 1889, Pl. IV. 
°No. 254; Arch. Eph., 1890, pp. 207 f. (Philios) and Pls X and XI. Bulle, 51, givesthe Westma- 
cott and Barracéo examples side by side; in J. H. S., XX XI, 1911, Pl. II, we have the West- 
macott, Barracco, and Eleusis copies together. Furtwaengler, Mp., pp. 250 f., Mw., pp. 453 f., 
Helbig, Cat. Coll. Barracco, p. 36, and Petersen, R. M., VIII, 1893, pp. 101 f., have added many 
more torsos and heads as copies or variants of the original. 
See Helbig, Fuehrer, 1, 1083. Its soft expression and forms led Furtwaengler to derive it from 
the Praxitelean circle, from the period when Praxiteles was influenced by Polykleitos, and to be- 
lieve that it represented a divinity, perhaps Triptolemos: Mp., p. 255 and n.2.. ~- 
*Burlington Fine Arts Club, Catalogue Anc. Gk. Art, 1904, no. 45, Pl. XX XIII; Furtw., Mp., 
p. 251, fig. 103; Mw., p. 454, fig. 73. It was formerly in the van Branteghem collection. 
