RUNNERS. 193 
won 32 victories, which makes this event third in importance, next 
after boxing and wrestling. He mentions 7 victors in the double race 
with 11 victories, and 5 victors in the long race with 8 victories. 
He also mentions 12 hoplite victors with 14 victories. Consequently, 
in all four running events there, he records 48 victors with 65 victories, 
which brings the running races only to second place in importance 
at Olympia, ranking next after boxing.! The ordinary sprinter or 
stadiodromos, and the double sprinter, diaulodromos or hoplitodromos, 



Fic. 37.—Athletic Scenes from a Sixth-century B. C. Panathenaic Amphora. 
Stadiodromoi (left) and Dolichodromoi (right). 
naturally ran Riterently from the endurance runner or dolichodromos. 
Panathenaic vases clearly show this difference. Thuswhilethe sprinter 
swung his arms violently, spreading the fingers apart and touching 
the ground only with his toes” (Figs. 36A and 37, left), the endurance 
runner, who had to conserve his strength to the last, ran with a long 
stride, holding his arms bent at the elbow and close to the body, his 
1On running races, see Krause, I, pp. 337 f.; Gardiner, Ch. XIII, pp. 270 f.; Dar.-Sagl., I, Pt. 2, 
pp. 1643 f.; Grasberger, Erziehung und Unterricht, 1, pp. 312 f.; etc. 
Fig. 37 left = Mon. d. I., 1, 1829-33, Pl. XXII, 6b; cf. ibid., 4b, and X, 1874-78, Pl. XLVIII, f, 
and Panathenaic amphora in Dar.-Sagl., I, Pt. 2, p. 1643, fig. 2229. Fig. 36A=Gerhard, IV, PI. 
CCLIX, 1. Also cf. a sixth-century B. C. amphora in Munich, no. 498: Mon. d. I., X, Pl. 
XLVIII, m; Gardiner, p. 281, fig. 52; Perrot-Chipiez, X, p. 129, fig. 92 (right); a fourth-century 
Panathenaic amphora: Gardiner, p. 283, fig. 53, from Stephani, Comptes rendus de la comm.impér. 
archéol., St. Petersburg, 1876, Atlas, PI.I. 
