194 VICTOR STATUES REPRESENTED IN MOTION. 
fists doubled and his body slightly bent forward, its weight resting on 
the ball of the foot, the heel being raised only a little. Thus Philos- 
tratos says that the dolichodromo1 ran with their hands extended 
and with their fists balled, but that at the finish they also swung 
their arms violently like wings.1 The race (showing balled fists) is 
seen on a Panathenaic amphora dating from the archonship of Nike- 
ratos (333 B.C.), now in the British Museum, and on another of the 
sixth century B.C., pictured in Fig. 37 (right).2 In the diaulos the 
movement was less violent. “Thus on an Athens vase inscribed, “I am 
a diaulos runner,’*? the movement is between that of a sprinter and 
an endurance runner. It seems probable thatthis difference in the style 
of running was similarly shown in sculpture. We shall next consider 
certain sculptural monuments which represent runners. 
The typical scheme for archaic and archaistic art was to represent 
the runner with one knee nearly touching the ground, the upper leg 
forming a right angle with the lower, the other leg being perpendicular 
to the upper. This scheme appears on many vases and reliefs and in 
statuettes andstatues.> This old method of depicting runners was kept 
up by vase-painters down to the time of the red-figured masters. We 
see them on many reliefs, ¢. g., on the Ionic-Greek reliefs on the three 
archaic bronze tripods of the middle of the sixth century B.C. in the pos- 
session of Mr. James Loeb;’ on a small bronze relief in the Metropolitan 
Museum in New York which represents a winged Boreas;® and on the 
marble funerary stele of the so-called dying hoplite runner found in 
1902 near the Theseion, and now in the National Museum in Athens.? 
Almost the same position as that of the figure on this Athenian relief is 
1Ph., 32: oiov rrepobpevor rd Tv KXELpav. 
2The first=B. M. Vases, B 609; Gardiner, p. 280, fig. 51; Mon. d. I., X, 1874-78, Pl. XLVIII, 
e, 4; G. F. Hill, Illustrations of School Classics, 1903, fig. 390; the second (Fig. 37, right) = Mon. 
d. I., I, 1829-33, .Pl. XXII, 7b; Gardiner, p. 279, fig. 50; Dar.-Sagl., p. 1644) fies22 10 
another in Mon. d. I., X, Pl. XLVIII, f, 6. 
8National Museum, no. 761. — - 4C'f. Reisch, p. 46. 
5On this mode of representing runners, see Schmidt in Muenchener archaeol. Studien zum Anden- 
ken A. Furtwaengler dargebracht, 1909, pp. 249 f. (especially p. 257). 
6See Kalkmann, Jd., X, 1895, pp. 56f, and fig. 4, p. 56 (= Gerhard, IV, 256; Murray, Designs from 
Greek Vases, V, 18) two runners; the interior of the same vase also represents such a runner: p. 61, 
fig. 7. Cf. also p. 58, fig. 5 (=Murray, X, 37; Mon. d. I., IV, 1844-48, Pl. XX XIII), representing 
Hermes on ar.-f. vase of the severe style; also p. 59, fig.6; etc. Also cf. Juethner, p. 41, fig. 36a (a 
later r.-f. kylix in Munich, no. 803 A), showing a pentathlete running with an akontion. The fol- 
lowing b.-f. vases, which show representations of such archaic runners, are taken from Perrot- 
Chipiez, X, 1914: the proto-Attic amphora of Nettos, p. 71, fig. 63 (=Ant. Denkm., 1, Text, 
p. 46); cup from Aegina, p. 77, fig. 68 (=A. Z., XL, 1882, Pl. IX); Corinthian amphora, p. 103, 
fig. 74 (=Pottier, Vases antiques, Pl. LIX, E 855); the Gorgon on the Francois Vase, p. 165, fig. 
108 (from Furtw.-Reichhold, Griech. Vasenmalerei, Pls. I-III); on neck of anamphora by Pam- 
phaios in the Louvre, p. 388, fig. 233 (=Pottier, op. cit., Pl. LXX XVIII). 
7Discussed (wrongly, I think, as Etruscan) by G. H. Chase: 4. J. 4., XII, 1908, pp. 287 f., 
Pls. VITI-XVIII (especially XII-XVIID); Pl. XV= Richardson, p. 69, fig. 27. 
8Richter, Greek, Etruscan, and Roman Bronzes, no. 46, fig. on p. 30; Museum Bull., 1911 
(April), pp. 92 f., and fig. 5 (Richter); it is 43 inches tall. 
*No. 1959. It will be discussed in our treatment of hoplitodromes infra, p. 209 and n. 2. 
