PENTATHLETES. 214 
showing that such contests were important. We have already said 
that the pentathlon represented the whole physical training of Greek 
youths; consequently the pentathlete was looked upon as the typical 
athlete, being superior to all others in all-round development, even if 
surpassed by them in certain special events. It was for this reason that 

Fic. 44.— Pentathletes. Scene from a Panathenaic Amphora in the 
British Museum, London. 
Polykleitos, in order to embody the principles of his athlete canon, 
made a statue of a javelin-thrower (the Doryphoros) as the best 
example of an all-round man. 
None of the statues of pentathletes at Olympia has been recovered 
with certainty in Roman copies. That some of them were represented 
at rest is shown by the base of the statue of the victor Pythokles of 
Elis, by the elder Polykleitos, which has been recovered.! This base 
supported two different statues in succession. ‘The feet of the earlier 
one by Polykleitos were riveted into circular holes, and behind the right 
foot on the upper surface of the base was inscribed the artist’s name, 
while the victor’s appeared on the vertical front. ‘This statue was later 
removed and was replaced by another, whose pose was different, as we 
see from the footmarks, which show that the feet were attached with 
lead in hollows. Probably the old inscription was renewed in archaic 
1Inschr. v. Ol., 162, 163; J. G. B., 91; upper, surface outlined in Furtw., Mp., p. 263, fig. 110; 
Mw., p. 472, fig. 80. For the discussion of Pythokles, see /p., pp. 262 f. 
