CHARIOT-GROUPS AT OLYMPIA. 265 
theia, inscribed with archaic letters and set up in the treasury of the 
Sikyonians. Miultiades won his victory in Ol. (?) 54 (=564B.C.).1 The 
next oldest dedication at Olympia was that of a chariot, without any 
human figure, by the Spartan Euagoras, who won three victories in 
Ols. (?) 58-60 (=548-540 B.C.).2 This custom of dedicating merely 
the model of a chariot continued sporadically into the third century 
B.C. Thus Polypeithes of Sparta, who won a victory near the end of 
the sixth century B.C.,° dedicated a chariot, while a figure of his 
father, the wrestler Kalliteles, stood beside it.4 A Pythian victor, 
Arkesilas IV, son of Battos IV, king of Kyrene, who won a victory in 
the 31st Pythiad (=462 B. C.), dedicated a chariot at Delphi.® At the 
beginning of the fourth century B.C. the Spartan princess Kyniska set 
up “bronze horses less than life-size’ in the pronaos of the temple of 
Zeus at Olympia. ‘The recovered base shows that Paunasias was right 
about the size of this votive offering.6 Theochrestos of Kyrene, who 
won some time between Ols. (?) 100 and 122 (=380 and 292 B.C.),’ 
and Glaukon of Athens, who won in the third century B. C.,® also set up 
votive chariots. ‘The recovered base of Glaukon’s chariot shows that it 
was small. Sometimes a chariot victor, for economy’s sake, contented 
himself with dedicating merely a statue of himself in honor of his vic- 
tory—a custom which continued from the sixth to the third centuries 
B.C. Perhaps one of the oldest examples of such a dedication of which 
we have record is that of the Elean Archidamas, who won a victory at 
an unknown date, but certainly some time after Ol. 66 (=515 B.C.).° 
In the fifth century B.C., the Spartans Anaxandros’® and Lykinos™! 
1P,, VI, 10.8 and 19.6, and cf. 10.8; Hdt., VI, 36; Hyde, 99a and p. 44; Foerster, 105. Pausanias 
here confuses this elder Miltiades with the son of Kimon, as does also the pseudo-Andok., IV, 33. 
2P, VI, 10.8; cf. Hdt., VI, 103; Hyde, 99b and p. 44; Foerster, 77-79. 
3Some time between Ols. (?) 68 and 70 (=508 and 500 B. C.): P., VI, 16.6; Hyde, 160 and 
pp. 58-9; Foerster, 797 (undated). 
4K alliteles won some time between Ols. (?) 66 and 68 (=516 and 508 B. C.): Inschr. v. Ol., 632; 
Hyde, 161; Foerster, 774 (undated). 
6Pindar, Pyth., V, 34 f.; date given by schol. on Pyth., IV, Argum., Boeckh, p. 342. Pindar’s 
Pyth., IV and V celebrate this victory. The same scholiast also records a chariot-victory of 
Arkesilas at Olympia in Ol. 80 (=460 B. C.); Foerster, 229. 
6P., V, 12.5; Inschr. v. Ol., 634; I.G. B., 100. Kyniska won two chariot-victories in Ols. (?) 96, 
97 (=396, 392 B. C.), and for them also had an equestrian group set up in the Altis, the work 
of the Megarian artist Apellas, which we shall discuss later: P., VI, 1.6 f.; Hyde, 7; Foerster, 
326, 333; see infra, p. 267. 7P., VI, 12.7; Hyde, 108; Foerster, 801 (undated). 
8He won some time between Ols. (?) 128 and 137 (=268 and 232 B. C.): P., VI, 1.9; Hyde, 
169; Foerster, 446; Inschr. v. Ol., 178. 
9P., VI, 17.5; cf. 10.6-8. Inthe latter passage (§8) Pausanias says that Kleosthenes, who won 
in Ol. 66, was the first to dedicate his statue together with a chariot and horses and the statue of a 
charioteer. Foerster, 38, following Westermann, believes that Archidamas is the name which has 
fallen out of Phlegon, fragm. 4 (=F. H.G., III, p. 605), that of a victor from Dyspontion in Elis, 
and therefore wrongly gives the date of the victory as Ol. 27 (=672 B. C.); for a refutation of 
this view and an indeterminate date, see Hyde, 182 and p. 62. 
10He won Ol. (?) 79 (=464 B. C.): P., VI, 1.7; Hyde, 8; Foerster, 233. 
11He won in two events, the hoplite-race and charioteering, in Ols. (?) 83, 84 (=448, 444 B. C.): 
P., VI, 2.1-2; Hyde, 12; Foerster, 211A. Perhaps one of his two statues by Myron represented 
his charioteer (so Foerster), though more probably the two statues represented the victor for his 
two victories. 
