THE APOBATES CHARIOT-RACE. VES 
holds on to the rim of the chariot, as in the Parthenon frieze slab just 
mentioned. ‘To his right is a charioteer with his arms outstretched to 
hold the reins. As this relief is obviously influenced by the Parthenon 
frieze, it must stand midway between that frieze and the Hellenistic 
relief to be described below. Another relief, found at Oropos in 1835! 
and dating from the first half of the fourth century B.C., represents 
a four-horse chariot moving to the left and containing two persons. 
One is the charioteer, who has long waving hair and a short beard and 
is clothed in the usual long tunic; the other is a nude apobates, who is 

Fic. 64—Apobates and Chariot. Relief from 
the North Frieze of the Parthenon, Athens. 
armed with helmet and shield and holds on to the rim of the chariot 
with his right hand, the upper part of his body being inclined back- 
wards, the knees bent, and the shield held away from the body.” We 
can not say whether these two reliefs from the Amphiareion represent 
offerings of apobatai, who were victorious at races held in Oropos or 
elsewhere in Boeotia, or represent the victorious Panathenaic apo- 
bata1. They may well be ex votos to the hero Amphiaraos at the 
games held in Oropos. We see an excellent illustration of an apobates 
in the very act of dismounting on a Hellenistic votive relief discovered 
in 1880 on the Akropolis, which dates from the end of the fourth cen- 
tury B.C. A marble relief, supposably from Herculaneum, but now 
14. M., III, 1878, pp. 410-14, no. 193 (Koerte); Mon. d. I., 1V, 1844-48, Pl. 5; Annali, Pl. XVI, 
1844, pp. 166 f. (F. J. Welcker), and PI. E. 
2A third relief from Oropos, showing the same subject, is in Berlin (no. 725): see Furtwaengler, 
Samml. Sabouroff, 1, Pl.X XVI (and text, on the subject of the race). 
3B. C. H., VII, 1883, Pl. XVII and pp. 458 f. (Collignon); Gardiner, p. 238, fig. 34; F. W., 1836. 
