DEDICATIONS OF MUSICAL VICTORS. 285 
Pythian air while the athletes jumped was that this air was sacred to 
Apollo, who had beaten Hermes in running and Ares in boxing at 
Olympia.’ Thus on the chest of Kypselos a flutist was represented 
as standing between Admetos and Mopsos at their boxing match.? 
But the explanation given by Philostratos seems more sensible, 
that leaping was.a difficult contest, and that the flute stimulated the 
jumpers.* At Argos, at the games in honor of Zeus DOévwos, wrestlers 
contended to the tune of the flute. Many vase-paintings illustrate 
flute-playing at the pentathlon.> At Olympia only a few monuments 
were set up in honor of musical victors, and these seem to have been 
statues erected honoris causa, instead of primarily for victories. An 
example is that of the Sikyonian flutist Pythokritos, who won a vic- 
tory as avAn77s in the sixth century B.C.° Pausanias says that his 
monument was that of a small man with a flute wrought in relief on 
an inscribed slab. ‘The explanation of such a description probably is 
that the size of the flute made the victor appear small, just as in the 
case of the monument of Sakadas just mentioned.’ We know that 
artists, poets, prose writers, musicians, and actors all had an audi- 
ence at Olympia, and that statues were often erected there in honor 
of such men, though these are not to be treated as victor monuments 
and do not properly fall within the scope of the present work.® 
1V, 7.10; cf. Plutarch, de Musica, 26. Athenzus, IV, 39 (p. 154a), quotes from the first 
book of the catalogue of Olympic victors by Eratosthenes to the effect that the Etruscans used 
to box to the music of the flute. 
ara 17,10. Shr 55: alte Exc. 
See Pinder, Ueber den Eaikamat d. Helasa: 1867, pp. 97 F. 
6He won some time between Ols. (?) 58 and 62 (=548 and 532 B. C.): P., VI, 14.9-10; Hyde, 
128b and p. 52. He also won six victories at Delphi and fluted at the pentathlon: cf. P., l. c. 
avderh., 55. 
7So Hitz.-Bluemn., IT, 2, p. 604. An example, on the other hand, of a very small man erecting a 
large statue is that of the poet Lucius Accius, whose statue was set up in the temple of the Cam- 
enaein Rome: Pliny, H. N., XXXIV, 19; cf. Bernouilli, Roem. Ikonogr., 1, p. 289. 
8F. g., to Aristotle of Stagira: P., VI, 4.8; Hyde, 41b; to Gorgias of Leontini: P., VI, 17.7; 
Hyde, 184a; Inschr. v. Ol., 293; etc. 
