IDENTIFICATION OF THE OLYMPIA HEAD. 299 
Fragments of the base of this monument have been recovered, and it 
stood in a part of the Altis! too far removed from the spot ere the 
statue of Philandridas stood, or from that where the marble head was 
found. Our choice is iinited to the statue of the Akarnanian, the tenth 
in the series of 168 victors? named by Pausanias in his first ephodos. 
We can determine very closely the position of these first few statues 
in the Altis. Pausanias begins his enumeration év 6e€£1@ Tod vaod Tis 
“Hpas, in the northwest of the sacred enclosure.? He is often loose 
in his employment of words to denote locations, and especially so in 
that of the terms & de&& and év apiorepa, which must sometimes be 
interpreted from the viewpoint of the spectator, and sometimes from 
that of agiven monument. We shall show in Chapter VIII that these 
words in this connection must be taken as referring to the temple pro 
persona, and consequently to the southern side of the Heraion. ‘The 
marble head was found in this neighborhood, in the wall of some late 
Byzantine huts behind the southern end of the stadion-hall of the Great 
Gymnasion, 23.50 meters north of its southeastern corner and 5 meters 
east of its back wall, and consequently very near the Heraion. Inas- 
much as the inscribed tablet from the base of the statue of Troilos,® 
the sixth statue mentioned by Pausanias, and the inscribed base of the 
monument of Kyniska,® the seventh, were both found in the ruins of the 
Prytaneion nearby, and the basis of the statue of Sophios,’ the twenty- 
second in the series, was discovered also in this part of the Altis, in the 
bed of the Kladeos,® we can conclude that all four monuments origi- 
nally stood near together, and in the order named by Pausanias, along 
the southern side of the Heraion. ‘The remarkably good preservation 
of the surface of the marble head points to the fact that 1t was set up in 
a sheltered place.? Furthermore, the unfinished condition of the back 
hair, which is only roughly blocked out, so that not even the contour 
of the locks is indicated, shows that the statue was intended to be set 
up against a solid background, 7. ¢., in front of a wall, niche, or column.?° 


1Fast of the temple of Zeus; see infra, Ch. VIII, p. 342, n. 4. 
See list in Hyde, pp. 3 f. Here nos. 91 and 136 refer to the same victor. 
3VI, 1.3. 4Bildw. v. Ol., p. 209. See Plans A and B. 
abet s EB BP eV fila: AAAS BncHyS 
8See Inschr. v. Ol., nos. 166 (Troilos), 160 (Kyniska), 172 (Sophios). See Plans A and B. 
9This fact, together with its place of finding not far from the Great Gymnasion, led Treu. to 
believe that the statue once adorned the interior of the exercise-place of the athletes: Bildw. v. 
Oi.; p. 209. 
10The Praxitelian Hermes similarly shows an unfinished treatment of the back hair; in fact the 
entire back of the statue is carelessly done (Bildw. v. Ol., p. 203, fig. 233), though chisel-rasps show 
a subsequent attempt to better it. This condition led Treu at first (4usgrab. v. Ol., V, p. 10; fol- 
lowed by Furtwaengler, Wp., p. 308, n. 7; Mw., p. 531, n. 3) to believe that the statue was made 
at Olympia with regard to its position in the Heraion. Later (Bildw. v. Ol., pp. 204-5) Treu 
believed that this merely indicated that the statue was intended to stand against a wall; and 
since the present base is not the original one (see Bulle, apud Purgold, Ergebnisse v. Ol., I, pp. 
157 f.), that the statue was not originally meant for the temple, but was moved thither, perhaps 
in Nero’s day; cf. also Wernicke, Jb., [X, 1894, pp. 108 f. For the Hermes, mentioned by P., 
V, 17.3, and found in the cella of the Heraion on May 8, 1877, see Bildw. v. Ol., Tafelbd., Pls. 
XLIX-LIII; Textbd., pp. 194 f. and figs. 225-234. 
