330 MATERIALS OF OLYMPIC VICTOR MONUMENTS. 
Museum. Such decorative designs could be easily transmitted to the 
Greeks by the Phoenicians on embroidered fabrics. It seems reason- 
able, therefore, to assume that early Greek artists, especially in the 
Greek colonies to the east and south of Greece, were acquainted with 
earlier models and especially with those of Egypt. The Greeks them- 
selves of a later date recognized this debt to Egypt. ‘This is shown 
by many passages in Pausanias, which mention the similarity existing 
between early Greek and Egyptian sculptures,! and by the curious 
tale told by Diodoros about the Samian artist family of Rhoikos, accord- 
ing to which the latter’s two sons made the two halves of the statue 
of the Pythian Apollo for Samos separately, Telekles working in Samos 
and Theodoros in Ephesos. When joined together the two parts 
fitted exactly, just as if they had been made by one and the same artist. 
Diodoros adds that Todro 6€ 70 yévos Ths épyactas mapa pev Tots ‘’EAnot 
undayas éemiTnoever Oar, Tapa dé Tots AtyuTTios wadioTa ovvTedeto Gat.” 
Such a story is valuable in that it shows that the later Greeks believed 
that they had adopted the conventional Egyptian canon of propor- 
tions. If we compare any of the “Apollo” statues with Egyptian 
standing figures of any period of Egyptian art, as Bulle has done, the 
resemblances in detail between the two types will be found to be very 
striking. ‘Thus from the Old Kingdom (Memphitic), which included 
the first eight dynasties of Manetho,? we may cite the painted lime- 
stone statue of Ra-nefer and the wooden one of Tepemankh in the Mu- 
seum of Cairo (Fig. 80), two men prominent in the fifth dynasty;4 or 
the wood statue of Ka-aper, the so-called Sheik-el-Beled, which repre- 
sents the apogee of Memphitic art, and that of his “wife,’’ without legs 
or arms, the two statues being found similarly in a grave at Sakkarah 
(Memphis), and now being in the same museum.® From the Middle 
Kingdom, including the eleventh to the seventeenth dynasties,® we may 
mention the painted statue found at Dahshur and now in Cairo, which 
represents Horfuabra, the co-regent of Amenemhat III, who was one of 
AB eg. 1 y4A2/525 19 3 VIS sarees 27, 98. 
’Bulle dates the Old Kingdom from the 30th to the 25th centuries B.C. But early Egyptian 
dates are too unsettled to be discussed here. For a tabular view of the chronology of the Egyp- 
tian dynasties as given by different scholars—Sethe, Meyer, Petrie, Breasted, Maspero, etc., 
see Encycl. Brit., eleventh ed., vol. [X, p. 79 (in the article on Egypt, Chronology and History, 
by R. S. Poole and F. Ll. Griffith). Breasted, 4 History of Egypt®, 1916, chart on p. 21, dates 
Sapte I-VI, 3400-2475 B. C.; XI-XVII, 2160-1580 B. C.; XVIII- (part of) XX, 1580-1150 
‘Both are given by Bulle, Pl. 5; cf. zd., Pl. 37 (“Apollos” of Tenea and Volomandra); Ra-nefer, 
in Maspero, Art in Egypt, 1912, p. 82, fig. 148; Perrot-Chipiez, I, 1882, p. 655, fig. 436; Tepe- 
mankh, in Maspero, p. 84, fig. 155, and in Perrot-Chipiez, p. 678, fig. 461. The statue of Ra-nefer 
is 1.73 meters tall, that of Tepemankh 1.66 meters. 
’Ka-aper in Bulle, Pls. 6 and 7 (two views of the head); von Bissing, Denkm. aegypt. Skult.,. 
I, 1914, Pl. XI; Perrot-Chipiez, I, p. 11, fig. 7; Maspero, oP. cit., p. 83, figs. 151, 152; id., Manual 
of Egyptian Archeology, 1895, p. 218, fig. 188, and p. 221, fig. 191. The “wife,” in Bulle, Pl. 9 
(two views); Maspero, p. 83, fig. 154; id., Manual, p. 222, fig. 192. 
*Breasted, 4 History of Egypt?, 1. c., dates dynasties XI-XII, 2160-1788 B. C.; the Hyksos,. 
dynasties XIII-XVII, 1788-1580 B. C. 
