94 REPORT OF THE CALIFORNIA EARTHQUAKE COMMISSION. 
were never found to be of great extent, but were usually followed by stretches along 
which the earth was heaped up into a mound, as if by being prest together. The surface 
furrow indicates that there was a zone of crushing some 2 or 3 or more feet wide. Where 
a similar cross-section of the fault is viewed from the opposite direction, no such face is 
exhibited on the northeast side, but instead a mass of crusht earth projecting beyond its 
former position. 
Offsets on fences, pipes, dams, etc. — About a mile southeast from the point near Mussel 
Rock where the furrow was first noted as a clearly defined feature, the fault-trace passes 
thru the trough of a well-marked saddle. This feature is more accentuated than similar 
features at other points along this portion of the rift, tho many such are found. Southeast 
from this saddle there is recognizable in the topography a distinct line of former move- 
ment, lying east of the fault. No furrow follows the line continuously, but an occasional 

Fig. 29. — Offset fence southeast of Mussel Rock, showing distribution of deformation on either side of fault. 
short fissure or crack runs along it for a little way. ‘To the west of the place is a similar, 
but less well marked, topographic indication of a former movement. There is no evidence 
of any movement on this line at the time of the earthquake. At the point where the 
fault-trace crosses the road, less than half a mile farther on, the roadway and fence were 
broken, but the effects were so confused that the measure of the offset could not be 
determined. The apparent horizontal displacement was slight. 
Still farther to the southeast, about 1.25 miles, the fault intersected a fence and not 
only caused it to be offset, but the intersection showed clearly the effect of the drag in 
the earth movement. The bearing of, the fence is N. 68° E., so that it is approximately 
transverse to the line of the fault. On the west side of the latter, the fence suffered a dis- 
placement to the northwest of 13 feet from its former position, and this displacement 
was effected by a bending or curvature in the fence line extending westerly from the 
fault for a distance of over 200 feet. On the east side of the fault, the fence was bent 
away from its former position, in the same direction, about 7 or 7.25 feet, the bent portion 
extending easterly from the fault-trace about 45 feet. The two ends of the fence were 
thus offset on the line of the fault only 5.75 to 6 feet, altho the total displacement was 
13 feet. The displacement is shown diagrammatically in fig. 29. At a point 330 yards 
beyond this, on the Rift, the fault-trace was found to be confined to a furrow about 6 feet 
wide, passing thru a little trough between an outcrop of Franciscan on the west and a fine 
conglomerate (Merced) on the east. 
