BIBLIOGRAPHY. 17 
Graz,” Dr. Heinrich Fischer and Dr. Alfred Wiedermann published in Stuttgart, 
1881, a thin quarto with 14 cylinders and some other seals. 
Scattered through the numerous plates in Max Ohnefalsch-Richter’s quarto, 
‘‘Kypros, the Bible and Homer,” London, 1893, will be found drawings of about 175 
cylinders, gathered mostly from published sources, but a few not previously figured. 
In “Salaminia,” by L. P. di Cesnola, London, 1884, are 63 figures of Cypriote 
cylinders collected by him during his excavations in that island. 
In Maxwell Somerville’s “Engraved Gems,’’ Philadelphia, 1889, are included 
43 cylinders belonging to the author’s private collection. 
In M. Ernest de Sarzec’s “ Découvertes en Chaldée,” edited by M. L. Heuzey, 
are two plates containing photogravures of 19 cylinders collected by the French 
explorer. Three of these are of high value; one being that of the physician Ur- 
lugal-edina (fig. 772); another the goddess under the bent tree, apparently attacked 
by an enemy (fig. 399); and yet another, one of the rare series of cylinders contain- 
ing the man borne aloft by an eagle (fig. 391). 
M. Marcel Dieulafoy’s “L’Acropole de Suse,” Paris, 1890, contains wood- 
cuts of 19 cylinders collected by the author mostly in Baghdad.* Some of them 
are choice, and these, as well as those collected by de Sarzec, are now in the Louvre. 
M. de Morgan, in charge of the later French excavations in Susa, which have 
been so fruitful of discoveries, and of the Code of Hammurabi, has been fortunate 
in finding a new series of Elamite cylinders. These are published in four pho- 
togravure plates and in wood-engravings, in vols. vil and vill, 1905, of the 
“Mémoires” of the “ Délégation en Perse,’ under the special title of ‘“ Recherches 
Archéologiques.”’ ‘Twenty-three cylinders are included in the plates, and thirty-six 
others, more definitely Elamite and supposed to be very archaic, are engraved in 
the text. These are now in the Louvre. 
In C. W. King’s “Antique Gems and Rings,” London, 1872, will be found 
engravings of 19 cylinders. In the same author’s “Handbook of Engraved Gems,” 
London, 1885, are engravings of 22 cylinders, most of them repeated from the 
earlier volume. 
The collection belonging to M. O. Pauvert de la Chapelle was given by him 
to the Cabinet des Médailles of the Bibliothéque Nationale at Paris, where it was 
added to the magnificent collection previously given by the Duc de Luynes. ‘This 
collection is described and figured in a catalogue entitled “Intailles et Camées 
donnés au Département des Médailles et Antiques de la Bibliothéque Nationale,” 
Paris, 1899, the editor being M. Ernest Babelon, Conservateur of that department. 
It contains photogravures of 12 cylinders. ; 
While this work is passing through the press there has appeared, 1909, under 
the title “Cylinders and other Oriental Seals,” a quarto volume, edited by myself, 
privately printed, containing heliotype figures, with descriptive text, of 280 cylinders 
of a collection in the library of J. Pierpont Morgan. This collection is particularly 
rich in Syro-Hittite cylinders and contains some other notable varieties included 
in this volume. 
Since attention has been directed to these objects in later years there have 
appeared a multitude of papers by various scholars discussing such cylinders or 
some of their figures or emblems. These will be mentioned in their place; but it 

*T recognize some of them as those that I saw in Baghdad in 1885, in the possession of Mr. Blockie, the English banker. 
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