BIBLIOGRAPHY. 13 
(plate m1) figures of five cylinders brought by him from Babylonia. Among them 
is one of prime importance, that which represents the seated Ishtar with weapons 
rising from her shoulders (see fig. 407). These are all which he published from the 
fine collections which he and his companions, Dr. Hine and Captain Abraham 
Lockett, brought from the East, most of which found their way into the British 
Museum and were the foundation of its great collection. Unfortunately, however, 
the gem of them all, the cylinder with the seated Ishtar, does not appear to be in 
the British Museum, and I do not know where it is. 
The next year, 1819, appeared in London the first of two large quarto volumes 
of Sir William Ouseley’s “Travels in Various Countries in the East.” In vol. 1, 
PP- 423-433, plate xx1, he describes and figures two cylinders, one of them from 
Captain Lockett’s collection, of interest as representing a god grasping on each 
side a man-fish (fig. 657). In vol. u, p. 536, plate xxxvu, is described and figured 
another Assyrian seal received from Captain Lockett in exchange for the one with 
the man-fishes previously presented to him. It represents a composite winged 
figure with a bird head holding a basket, and a deity with a spouting vase held 
at his breast. This is figured also on the title-page of Landseer’s “Sabean 
Researches.” * 
Ouseley corrects Tassie and Raspe’s idea that these cylinders were Perse- 
politan, seeing they were found in Babylon. He supposes that the figures on the 
cylinders are such as are described by Berosus as figured on the walls of the temple 
of Belus. But here he probably followed Rich. 
In 1820 Dr. Dorow published, at Wiesbaden, Heft 1 of his “ Morgenlandische 
Alterthimer,” under a long title, “Die Assyrische Keilschrift erlautert durch 
zwei noch nicht bekannt gewordene Jaspis-Cylinder aus Nineveh und Babylon,” 
etc. In it he gives engravings of three cylinders, one of them after Lichtenstein’s 
“Tentamen” and the two others not before published. They are both among the 
most important cylinders known, one of them being the royal cylinder with the 
name of an Armenian king and the figure of a winged god holding two ostriches 
(fig. 42). This belonged to Dr. Dorow and is now in the Museum of The Hague. 
It was brought from Constantinople by Graf Joseph von Schwachheim, who was for 
eight years Austrian Minister at the Porte, and was given by his heir, through the 
intervention of Prof. G. C. Braun, Mainz, to Dr. Dorow, in 1819. See Dorow’s 
“Die Assyrische Keilschrift,” p. 13 (15). “The other is the even more important 
cylinder belonging then to Dr. John Hine, of Baghdad, a copy of which had been 
sent to Dr. Dorow by Rich, now, after long disappearance, one of the treasures of 
the British Museum, giving the name of King Ur-Engur, of the first dynasty of 
Ur (fig. 30).f Attached to Dr. Dorow’s paper are several letters on the subject 
from his scholarly friends, the longest and most important of which is from the 
distinguished scholar, Prof. G. F. Grotefend, who was the first to discover a clue 

* Sir William Ouseley was not without some critical skill. He says: 
“T strongly suspect that in drawings, or engravings made from them, the same face has, through mistake, been some- 
times furnished with a beard ; this suspicion may perhaps fall even on a cylinder delineated by the ingenious Raspe (Tassie’s 
“Gems, plate 1x, 2, No. 15099).” Vol. 1, p. 424, note. 
In this case Ouseley is right. It is a figure of the goddess Aa, which is furnished with a short beard; beards are almost 
always long. But later and more accomplished scholars have made the same mistake. 
The authenticity of this cylinder was much doubted, but a letter from Mr. C. D. Cobham, in the London Atheneum of 
August 24, 1889, vouches, against Ménant, that it is the same cylinder which Ker Porter saw at Baghdad in 1818, and which 
remained in Dr. Hine’s possession until his death, in 1859, at the age of 82. A few days after Dr. Hine’s death it was given by 
his executor to Mr. Cobham, who presented it in 1880 to the British Museum. 
