190 SEAL CYLINDERS OF WESTERN ASIA. 
In fig. 537 before the seated god are the cross and the rhomb. ‘The inscription 
is addressed to Shamash. We have already seen a similar case in fig. 515 where 
the seated god is accompanied by a bird and two rhombs. In fig. §37a the seated 
god’s feet and seat rest on two human-headed bulls, such as we see in figs. 320-323. 
Before him is simply a beardless worshiper, and there are seven lines of inscription, 
and an eighth between the god and his worshiper. The god might appear to be 
Shamash. The inscription reads: 
Manbargini- Marduk, 
the diviner, 
Son of Iriba-Marduk, 
family of Isin, 
born 
at Babylon, 
chief servant of the god Marduk and the goddess Gula.—Price. 

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sO 
SECON Lr 


536 
There are a few other cylinders of the Kassite class that may be mentioned 
for some special peculiarity. One is fig. 538. Besides Marduk and his scimitar 
we have a small figure of the naked goddess whom we have measurably identified 
with Zirbanit, wife of Marduk, properly figured with him here. The inscription 
is filiary and bears the name of Sin. There is also the cross. An unusual cylinder 
is shown in fig. 539, a hitherto unrecognized royal cylinder of Kurigalzu. The 
inscription reads: ~ "Terimangar 
son of Gishkuranshidada 
chief official of the shrine of Ishtar, 
servant of Kurigalzu.—Price. 
There are two bearded human figures, each apparently holding a musical 
instrument. These musical instruments are of interest, and one of them is perhaps 
unique in ancient art. It is the long object held by the left-hand figure. It 1s what 
is called in Arabic the naz, also kemen; it is used by the Eastern dervishes and is 
figured on Egyptian monuments (see Prince, “Music,” fig. 23, “Encyclopedia 
Biblica” ). It is now made by making a drum of a gourd or cocoa-nut, and attaching 
to it a long rod and adding from one to three strings, thus forming a very rude lute. 
The other instrument is a cithern. ‘There are several small objects, a fly, a monkey, 
a cross, an ibex, and four rhombs. Sometimes the inscription leaves no room for 
the figure of a god or a worshiper. Such a case we see in fig. 540 where the space 
of a single line is given to two crosses and a rhomb. ‘The difficult inscription would 
appear to refer to Shamash. 
The nature of the long inscription will probably warrant us in putting here 
the fine, though somewhat worn, cylinder of jade shown in fig. 541. ‘This cylinder 
is in two registers, each of which has nine lines of inscription, consisting of a 
