240 SEAL CYLINDERS OF WESTERN ASIA. 
may be supposed to have provided the god with his accepted offering, waves a fan 
to keep away the flies. We shall see a number of cases of such a fan, and they are 
still in common use in the East, a square flap of woven strands of grass or fiber, 
one edge of which is attached to the side of the wooden handle. ‘The large triangular 
summit of a column between the god and the stand may probably represent Marduk. 
It is a bearded god that sits before a stand in fig. 718 and holds a cup to his 
mouth. Here we find the characteristic high chair with a square back. No such 
chair is to be seen in all the previous Babylonian art. ‘There the seat of the gods 
is usually a square stool with no back; or occasionally a very low back is seen, 
curved outward in a graceful fashion. We shall see the back of the chair orna- 
mented with stars, or balls, when occupied by a goddess. ‘The worshiper stands 
behind the god, attending him with a fan, while the same or another worshiper 
protects the table with a whisk. On the table, with its ox-feet, is food, perhaps a 
flat loaf of bread. In the field above are the star of Ishtar, an ashera of Marduk, 
the crescent of Sin, the disk of Ashur, which here shows the sun’s disk, so that here 
the symbol may, as it sometimes does, represent Shamash. We have also the atten- 
dant god, or protecting spirit, with a fish-skin over his body and holding a basket; 


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= 
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SSS 
Leif Awe 
720 
= ss WL 
EOIN 

also the seven dots, probably of the Igigi. ‘There is absolutely nothing to indicate 
who this bearded god is. While in some points (as in the god arising from the solar 
disk, although this is unusual) the art seems to be purely Assyrian, in other respects 
it seems foreign. Such is the braided hair forming a short queue behind the god’s 
head, if it be not rather a tassel hanging from his helmet, with its triple-pointed top. 
Perhaps we may include here the peculiar jade cylinder shown in fig. 719. 
The seated god carries a sort of branch. He is flounced, and a long lock hangs 
down his back. Before him a worshiper offers a goat in the Babylonian style. 
The cross-lines on his garment suggest a foreign style. “Then we have the god Adad 
on a bull, and before him a god who appears to be Marduk. Each god holds behind 
him the curved scimitar of Marduk, and each has his hand on a single Egyptian 
symbol of stability. Equally there is no indication who is the bearded god in fig. 
720, where a worshiper stands before the seated god and an attendant stands behind. 
This cylinder is peculiar in that the inscription is arranged so as to inclose the 
design on all sides. 
Another more peculiar case of such a seated and bearded god is shown in fig. 
721. This would seem to be Adad, if we may give him the Assyrian or Syrian name, 
but perhaps equally the Hittite Teshub, for he carries the triple thunderbolt. Before 
him is a stand, or altar, or brazier, with flame, and beyond it, with a little table 
in front of him and the crescent above him, stands a worshiper with hand lifted 
