SYRO-HITTITE CYLINDERS: BABYLONIAN TYPES. 275 
makes us ask if this be not the Sin worshiped in Harran. Before the god is a table 
with loaves. Next stands the goddess Ishtar de face, and before the two a worshiper. 
Then we have Adad, with his foot on a victim, and before him a small worshiper 
with a branch. 
A fine example, but unfortunately broken, is shown in fig. 825. The figures 
are Babylonian but the style is Hittite. We have a typical Aa-Shala goddess in 
her flounced garment. The two broken 
male figures symmetrically facing each 
other retain only the lower portion. 
The eagle is Hittite, with its two heads, 
but old Babylonian in its seizure of the | SSS 
two ibexes in its talons, after the styleof ~ © a ae a 
the eagle of Lagash. It suggests connection with the early rather than the middle 
Babylonian Empire. The guilloche is Hittite and very characteristic, even although 
we have one or two possible examples of it in very early Chaldean art (see figs. 
58, 1082). 
In fig. 826 the griffins, the hand, and the guilloche indicate the Syro-Hittite 
origin (this cylinder came from Syria), but the human or divine figures, two stand- 
ing and two seated, are rather Babylonian. Between the duplicated figures of what 
we may presume to be the goddess is a columnar altar, or table, perhaps with cakes, 
possibly with a flame. The purpose of the curved object in the hand of the god- 
dess is not evident; the same implement appears in fig. 827, where two figures 
stand symmetrically before a columnar altar, but one of them carries a branch, as 
does also the following figure. There is a “libra” (no vase) and also the guilloche. 
Fig. 828 is more elaborate and gives us in the upper register the two seated deities 
with the two bent implements, and between then what may be some sort of co- 
lumnar altar or standard. Behind one is a worshiper and behind the other the not 
infrequent procession of four figures. The lower register gives two sphinxes, a star, 
and a kneeling figure seizing a humped bull by the horns. 
We may consider fig. 829 as showing Babylonian influences, although the 
weapons are Hittite. ‘he fig- 
ures are in two couples, all 
in short garments. In one a 
figure with an ax over his 
shoulder takes by the wrist 
the other, who lifts a weapon 
over his head. Between them 
are the vase and “libra,” but 
their proper positions are reversed. This is one of the rather numerous indications 
that in copying these two symbols the foreign artist did not understand their 
meaning. This we gather from the cases in which only one of the two appears. 
The other couple face each other, one carrying a crook over his shoulder and 
holding in the other hand the head of a slain enemy. The figure before him, 
whom we may presume to be the god, lifts an emblem like a cross, which may 
be meant to represent the Egyptian emblem of stability. 
A cylinder which shows the passage from the Assyrian to the Hittite type is 
seen in fig. 830. It is in two registers, separated by a guilloche. The lower register, 


