SYRO-HITTITE CYLINDERS: BABYLONIAN TYPES. ra 
the full length of the cylinder. In this cylinder, while the design and figures are 
copied from the Babylonian art, the facture and style of engraving are not at all 
Babylonian but peculiarly Syro-Hittite. 
As we have seen in Chapter x1 that Gilgamesh is often represented holding 
a spouting vase, so he is shown also on the Syro-Hittite cylinders. One such example 
is given in fig. 835. ‘The streams appear to rise from his shoulders, but in Baby- 
lonian art his two hands hold the vase against his breast. A female attendant god- 
dess holds a distaff on each side of him, while the Hittite eagle becomes rather an 
Egyptian vulture and is engraved both above and below a guilloche. Similarly 
in fig. 836 the vase is still not drawn. On each side of the god is the winged com- 
posite figure, part man and part bull, and the field is filled with two stars, two hands, 
a head, a fish, a bird, an ibex, and a lion. Gilgamesh is duplicated, reduced, and 
kneeling, in fig. 837, where we have a flounced goddess (not bearded, but with 
divergent strands of a necklace). She holds a rod and ring, with points. Before 
her is a worshiper and behind her the figure of Aa-Shala. It is noticeable that 
the bull above is humped. There are two small figures of Gilgamesh kneeling, 
with a spouting vase and the guilloche. The figure with a spouting vase from which 
the streams fall into another vase in fig. 838 appears to be feminine, and another 

838 37 
uncertain goddess faces her, while a male worshiper stands behind the first goddess. 
The remaining portion is in three registers; a winged sphinx attacking an ibex 
over a guilloche, which is over a lion and the head of an ibex. 
The figure of Eabani is not at all common on these cylinders, although we 
might suppose that the winged man-bull which we have seen was derived from the 
idea of Eabani. But perhaps we can see him in fig. 839, where he is symmetrically 
duplicated on each side of an altar or stand, under the sun in the crescent. Eabani 
has a rather long garment and bull’s ears and in one case flattened horns; and in 
both figures his head seems to be surmounted by the handle of a crux ansata. He 
is followed on one side by a female figure holding the crux ansata, and on the other 
by a similar symmetric figure except that the narrow space does not allow room 
for the crux ansata. Back of these two figures is a guilloche with a sphinx above 
it and an ibex beneath it. 
More Assyrian than Babylonian in style is fig. 840, where a hero, or god, 
attacks an ibex, while in the space where in Babylonian cylinders might be expected 
three lines of inscription there is a vertical row of heads, then a guilloche, and 
then a peculiar column or ashera, with a conventional human head, draped above 
and behind, such as forms one of the characters in the Hittite inscriptions. 
Rather frequent on Hittite cylinders is the figure of the Ramman-Martu of 
the Babylonian cylinders, hardly to be separated from the Hittite vested god. We see 
him in fig. 842. Opposite and also behind the god stands Shala, his wife, duplicated 
symmetrically, and the worshiper is also duplicated. Besides three animals to fill 
