CHAPTER LIII. 
SYRO-HITTITE DEITY IN A CHARIOT. 
Probably, like others of the general class which I have called Syro-Hittite, 
the goddess to be considered in this chapter is more Syrian than Hittite, perhaps 
Phenician. The cutting of these cylinders is generally rather rude and coarse, 
their workmanship being inferior to those which show the more Egyptian influence. 
Indeed the Egyptian influence is lacking and we may regard them as purely native 
in their idea and execution; but just what country they came from is not clear. 
We may observe that their facture is much like that of the cylinders containing 
the bull-altar, in the preceding chapter, and, indeed, we shall see that the bull-altar 
is on two of these cylinders. 
We have a fair example of these cylinders with the goddess in fig. 976. She 
sits not in a war chariot, which has two wheels and is drawn by two horses, but in 
a ceremonial four-wheeled car drawn by four horses. She sits alone, on the seat 
behind, while before her is the much higher portion over which the reins go which 
fall down till they reach the horses’ heads. ‘The dress of the goddess is flounced. 
The wheels are arranged with a cross, which suggests the symbol of the sun. One 
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must not think that there is an attempt at perspective in the reduction of the size 
of the further horses; simply the curvature of the reins did not leave room for the 
full-sized horse. Before the chariot are two registers, of which the upper contains 
two crossed bulls and the bull-altar, with the body quite different, in its crossed 
lines, from the two crossed bulls, suggesting that it does not represent animals, 
but an image with a flame, perhaps, arising from the back, as shown in Chapter 
tit. In the lower register two small figures face two anne such as we see in the 
processions on Syro-Hittite seals. 
Another example much like this is seen in fig. 978. Again we see the four- 
wheeled chariot of state, and also the pole by which the four horses are driven 
abreast. Four attendants march beside the chariot. The rest of the space is in 
two registers. First we have, above, two bulls crossed, as before, and below them 
two crossed lions. Then come, in the upper register, two symmetric bull-altars, 
with a bird above the angular flame, if such it be, and a table with loaves between 
them and a worshiper before them. Below are three kneeling figures of Gilgamesh 
in front view, the middle one holding up his hands and the others holding each a 
standard on which is the sun ina crescent. One is struck by the extreme symmetrical 
arrangement of the bull-altars and the figures of Gilgamesh. 
311 
