go THE ARCHEOLOGICAL EXCAVATIONS IN ANAU. 
for cooking; its bottom must have stood in the earth, so that fire could be built 
around it. 
However, the combination of bake-oven, kettle, mealing-stone, and child’s 
skeleton corresponds wholly with the overlying layer, its pots, and its skeleton; so 
that we have here two successive periods of culture. The pots c and d must al- 
ready have been out of use and buried when pots a and 6 were put in position; but 
they must also have been older than the child’s skeleton a, No. 5, which lies in the 
layer between pots a, b and c,d. Skeleton a, therefore, must be referred to those 
inhabitants of the hill who used bake-ovens a, b, while the lower skeleton ; belongs 
to the older period. ‘The highest layer—that is, the youngest period—is, how- 
ever, represented by the skeletons destroyed in terrace 1a, and by the thicker 
diagonal wall A. Therefore, at least three successive periods have left their 
remains between the surface of the hill (+40 feet) and the level of +27 feet. 
In the east wall of 
terrace 1 still another 
skeleton (No. 3) was ex- 
cavated at the level +28 
feet, besides another left 
in the earth. 
The question then 
arises whether these 
periods differed in their 
culture characteristics. 
In all probability they 
did not, for the beads in 
terrace 1a resemble those 
found with the child’s 
skeleton in 1b, and the 
pots a to d, as regards 
Fig. 27.—Pithoi c and d in Position and Skeleton /3. form and technique, are 
in all respects similar. The similarity in culture will be more evident when we 
consider the pottery that is characteristic of these layers. 
When the upper terrace was begun on March 25, it yielded within three 
hours a great quantity of fragments of different kinds of pottery, the greater part 
belonging to a gray or red monochrome ware. ‘The red was especially charac- 
terized by a good polish, while in the gray fragments one was struck by the excel- 
lent quality of the clay and of the technique. I will designate this monochrome 
variety for the present as group x. Besides this group x, there occurred painted 
ware of an entirely different technique—both finer and coarser vessels—which 
we were obtaining at the same time from the galleries; that is, from the middle 
layers of the hill. These fragments may for the present be called group y, in 
contradistinction to the others, or group x. The relation of these two groups, 
however, on their appearance in terrace I, was such that the monochrome was 
predominant at the top, but diminished in favor of group y the deeper we dug. 


