156 THE ARCHEOLOGICAL EXCAVATIONS IN ANAU. 
upper digging. The pottery found with the arrow-point is identical with the 
younger pottery in the upper layers of the upper digging. There can, therefore, 
be no doubt that the finds of April 8 at this point belong to the younger culture 
IV. It is only in the deeper levels of terrace A that the older (mixed) layers 
occur. In considering the conditions connected with these finds, those connected 
with the finds of iron objects in terrace A should be taken into account. 
Fragments of awls or punches and pins (S.K. 96) occur in the “mixed”’ layers 
of terrace A, just as they do throughout the middle layers of the hill. Therefore 
these may be assigned to the older culture. It is uncertain to which culture we 
shall assign the arrow-point above mentioned, which came from the outer digging 
between +2 feet 2 inches and +4 feet 2 inches (fig. 281). 
283(X 0 75) 

284(X 0.33) 286(X 0.75) 282(X 0.75) 
Q\ C 
280(X0.75) 288( 0.75) 281(X<0.75) 287(X0.75) 285(X<0. 75) 
(6) IRON. 
Excepting a piece of a modern iron band taken from the débris in Komorof’s 
trench, and a modern iron nail from the surface of the terrace vI, iron was found 
only in the upper layers of the South Kurgan. Hence we can unhesitatingly 
draw the conclusion that iron was unknown to the inhabitants of both hills, during 
the life of the older epochs, these epochs being also sharply differentiated from the 
younger by their pottery. Iron was found in the upper digging just under the 
surface in terrace A and in the outer digging; that is, at all those points whose 
pottery characterized the youngest culture. 
There can be little doubt that we havea sickle in the two much-rusted frag- 
ments (S.K. 41; fig. 289; plate 39, fig. 4). The fragments show a broad, short 
handle and two rivets. The point at which this sickle was found is of prime 
significance, it having been collected in terrace A on April 12, 1904, at the deepest 
level at which iron was found in this terrace. On that day the absolute level 
of +27 feet was reached here. This, according to the calculations of R. W. Pum- 
