196 ARCHEOLOGICAL EXCAVATIONS AT ANCIENT MERV. 
(b) Without incision; glaze yellow, white, black, green (G.K. 66, 84, 95, 102, 
LIQ, 113; 132,. 350, 4157 eos 
(c) With one-colored glaze, whitish-yellow, on which are superimposed orna- 
mental Cufic inscriptions in black-brown (G.K. 125). 
(2) On awhite ground, green, yellow, and red-brown shades, with luster (G.K. 83). 
(e) Green-glazed, with scalloped ornament over which the glaze extends 
(G.K2 149), 
(c) PAINTED WARE. 
In addition to these glazed fragments, there is a particular group of painted 
ware. The patterns are laid upon the clay ground in dead-black color. Besides 
this there occur yellow or red spots (G.K. 64, 82, 85, 100 to 105, III, 120, 133, 151 
to 154, 189, 191, 192). However, the painted fragments can not be separated 
from the glazed ware as regards locality. Their different groups are associated 
with each other. The greater number were found in outer digging I, and in all 
layers, to a depth of 20 feet 5 inches. In comparison with the ordinary service 
pottery, however, they are of rare occurrence. It is worthy of remark that the 
three groups c, d, and e were represented by only one fragment each. 
It is equally surprising that on the upper digging on the acropolis only two 
fragments of the painted group were observed—one between 2 feet 4 inches and 
5 feet, the other between 11.5 feet and 15 feet 5 inches. The glazed ware is entirely 
wanting. 
(d) COINS. 
The determination of the coins found in all the excavations of Ghiaur Kala 
was very kindly undertaken by Mr. Markof, Conservator of the Imperial Cabinet 
of Coins of the EKrmitage in St. Petersburg. The results of his investigation are 
given here. The determination of the coins was rendered very difficult by the 
strong oxidation which many of them have undergone. 
Two coins are eliminated as useless for dating purposes—an Afghan coin of 
the eighteenth century (G.K. 71) and an Ilek khan of the eleventh century (G.K.2). 
The first is modern; the other was found on the surface of the upper digging. 
The remaining coins fall into two categories—the younger and the older coins. 
(a) The younger coins.—These belong to three different groups, which I will 
enumerate in the following manner, together with the points at which they were 
found: 
Samanide, tenth century: G.K. 116, outer digging 1, 9 to 11.5 feet. 
Abbasside, eighth century: G.K. 106, outer digging 1, 4 to 9 feet; G.K. 23, upper digging 24 to 5 feet. 
Justinian I (527 to 565): G.K. 23; compare above. 
But these younger coins were found together with the older ones of the first 
to the third century. Under No. 23 are marked at the same time Sassanide coins 
of the third century; and in the same way Nos. 106 and 116. ‘There is also a 
Parthian coin of the second century. 
(b) The older coins.—The greater number belong to the third century and 
are Sassanide, and even the indeterminable ones are, according to Markof, of 
a Sassanide coinage. They are classified here according to the different rulers. 
