THE BONES OF THE EXTREMITIES. 419 
the first to explain, in a manner as plausible as it was scientific and accurate, the 
cause of the difference of form of these bones. According to him, the slenderness 
or thickness of this bone is traceable back to mechanical effects of use, aided natu- 
rally by nourishment and climate.* According to the view we have already 
developed in our special instance of the Anau horse the increasing slenderness of 
the bones, as the culture-strata grow in height, must be traced back to the increase 
of desert conditions and the use of the animal for rapid work. It is encouraging 
and confirmatory of our separate conceptions that our conclusions so agree, although 
so differently deduced. 
On account of the special importance of this bone I repeat here all its dimen- 
sions in comparison with a series of other horses of European localities. 
Table of dimensions. 




















Sr 
Length. Width. Diameter. 
ac Alle Deana Great- Exte- cane Me- | Dis- | Prox-| Me- | Dis- Index. 
est. ie eae dian.| tal. | imal. | dian.| tal. 
aera mm. | mm, | mm. | mm. | mm. | mm, | mm. | mm, 
Sag Corre Ne sien cele aucnetsreiars alislleieke’ 228 | 220 47 29 42 Bu 22 32 12.8 
Seas G aPC cine) wie usta ol cess as lhe alone re A Sell] cnn ||| seh cei teal | ac ae 41 sreietan || cs cers 30 5 Oi 
= MMOLE career airs siete yel sy euro eMeucrate ox 3 Sat cad fj eveuave UE fares a1 44 a ae 24 32 Rea 
EL Wain TE Cais ee teiiet eee a sosisargts pists. 0 9 220 nr 44 ar 40 30 crete 28 Tn 
Gross Czernosek (La Téne)......... 198 192 44 27 42 30 at 31 13.6 
Hostomitz (bronze time)........... 200 | IgI 46 29 45 30 28 34 14.5 
Stankowitz (Laylene)ic.= ...ases os 216 | 206 46 30 46 29 21 34 14.0 
COUVTeSa(?) ieee temeiere rs cas serais st atatsies 214 shee 54 34 50 35 1°39 38 "15 8 
CASECHIE CE not Cites Feeds a ke a 216 Rte 48 39 50 32 27 32 18.0 
ouverné neolithic: (?)Ga'. os nena s 217 Sas 50 38 50 32 28 28 Wes 
Cindréer(paleolithic)Mer.cts ie ate) ce- ¢ 219 er 60 42 50 37 20% Vea 19.2 
Fouvent (neolithic)....2..<00 + 2+ 2T7 votes 52 40 50 32 | 27 32 18.4 
Equus przewalskii Salenski......... 215 | 206 48 32 re Cee care ens (eee 14.8 
Equus przewalskii juv. Bern, Krae- 
THOR ache ere at es ae aren ole 2 204 Pues te 25 see LAs ed ot | Male rant e 14.3 
WOLULEEE es BCL Merde testivee h 6 sep cisil sy rites | ope 49 35 | 48 Bg) 1) ae 36 16.0 
Wohontsch a. Biela (neolithic).. ....| 220 | 213 49 31 46 31 27 33 14.0 
Tveitmeritz, A> (neolithic) 33...) «..- 220 mne2 Ts 44 3 47 toy | ae: 32 13 .9 
, 220 | 210 50 4 4 33 25 aa 16.3 
Polutre ss Bele tea gece ier acts terete ce ; Pears 50 3x 7 32 23 aa i<I6 
schiossberg (iron age). fnc9.....%... 2228 | 273 49 34 49 33 AG} 33 Tse 
Vindonissa: 
ATi pPHItneater saves tiga ir saree 226 218 47 30 43 an 21 3I 1342 
Amphitheateti.ctsjaceis era wale 227 OT O 49 32 47 31 ae 35 14.0 
CaStritiniwaraen cerns ii tonite ee 22 Sea 207 50 32 47 aa 23 AG 14.0 
@astriuni acc cle + es cis esa iso 230 | 220 49 30 48 36 22 34 13-4 
CAStritinie nis cciee pert eretn co vereie 220m) 15220 52 32 49 33 23 35 Tad 
CAS TU MEN etree eer mene ee 230 mn ee 2 48 32 49 32 22 35 P34 
Westeregeln, Nehring (diluvial)...... 225 e225 57 41 55 Fae [W ces acareilt et ote 17.4 
Rixdorf, Nehring (diluvial)......... 249 She 59 44 56 fH Palle Seem ketene 17-6 

This comparative table shows distinctly the relation already noticed in the 
bones of the other extremities, that the horse of Anau agrees remarkably well with 
those of the European bronze age and of the later La Tene phase of the iron age. 
It shows, however, further, that among the horses of Solutré there occur adult 

*H. Kraemer, Zur Frage der Knochenstarke der Pferde. Deutsche Landw. Tierzucht, 1904, vu, 
Nos. 28 and 31. 
