THE BONES OF THE EXTREMITIES. 423 
erect; in stenonis it still touches the small facet for the calcaneus. In Equus 
przewalsku and Equus pumpellii, on the other hand, this articulating surface reaches 
only half the distance between the points mentioned, and it appears indeed still 
smaller in some modern horses. In the horses of Solutré and the Kesslerloch this 
facet is still larger than in the domestic horse. In the Anau horse the anterior 
facet is relatively small, but always larger than that of Equus przewalskii Pol. 
The absolute sizes of the naviculare, cuneiforme, and cuboideum are shown 
in the following table: 
Table of dimensions (in millimeters). 

Naviculare. Cuneiforme. Cuboideum. 


Thick- | Thick- 
Es : ness of | ness of 
Length. | Width, | Length.) Width. | Length. so otg posterior 
part. part. 





| 46 38 
PASTE (LR eee ro esas ey) «ch wins, oS were i 44 a6) 41 38 BY 15 19 
PAUUS PYZCWAISRIV 5105 30 4) seas sieie + 3 46 a7 43 42 ay 16 19 
MALE etree wt raha tovele gues sae saya eid oh 49 39 eee Ao 38T 20T 2st 
PeeeeIOHOCH ates. buted ws ss nd eels «. 50-53 | 39-44 | 48-50*| 42-43*| .... mA ee 
AWIESLCLE SEL II ae ets cece ot alas ional lls crotalie sonal ais 62 45 Roe ae ays 
Cardamone (after Major)........... — aa 25 
l 43 245 23 
37 17.5 25 
Equus stenonis (after Major)......... { oe 18 25 
ME OULET MATOS) 055i x orca 6 oso, < owl’, Sine Boe ee Seti 2 fens 15 21 
Breet MItes MATOT) ©). oie soc 8s e's cies * as she ee sees Sates 40.5 22 21 









* After Hescheler. + After Major. 
Tarsale distale tertiwm (cunetforme).—Here my material is very limited. I 
have only one cuneiforme from Anau, and one of Equus przewalski. Unfortunately 
the posterior edge of the Anau cuneiforme is so injured that we can say nothing in 
regard to the position and shape of the posterior articulation surface. Contrasting 
it with Equus przewalski we notice the greater slenderness of the facet for the 
naviculare. The contraction before the forward facet of the cuboideum is much 
deeper than in the Przewalski horse. Likewise the lateral facets for the cuboi- 
deum and the cuneiforme I and II are much smaller and more elongated, owing to 
the uncommonly strong development of the surfaces of the ligamental attachment 
of the borders. The table indicates also that the Anau horse represents the type 
of high speed more than does Equus przewalskar. 
Cuboideum.—Since the classic investigation of Riitimeyer and Major, the 
cuboideum is regarded as one of the most valuable and characteristic bones of 
the horse. According to Major, the cuboideum of the ass is quite different from 
that of the horse; not only is it much more slender, but the posterior part is con- 
siderably thicker than the anterior; the same may be said in comparing the horse 
of Solutré and Equus stenonis with Equus cabalius. The table on the following 
page shows clearly this relation. 
We see that our horse of Anau is the smallest, and our specimen is a very old 
individual, as is evident from the attachment surfaces for muscles and sinews, 
which can not be said of Equus przewalski1, It seems to me, therefore, that this 

