424 THE HORSE OF ANAU IN ITS VARIOUS RELATIONS. 
distinction from the ass, which Major thinks he has found, stands on a very weak 
foundation. ; 
Proximal part of the cuboideum.—Major states that in Hipparion the forward 
part of the articulation surface is similar to the posterior part; that in Equus 
stenonis the narrowest place in the forward part is equal to the widest of the pos- 
terior part; that in the Quaternary horses the forward part has somewhat increased ; 
that in recent horses the posterior articulating surface sometimes disappears and 
the forward one is broadened; and that in the ass both surfaces are very narrow, the 
posterior being the narrower. Judging by Major’s illustrations (plate v1, figs. 26, 
36), our Anau horse resembles an ass in the size of the forward articulating sur- 
face, but in the posterior surface is quite like the Quaternary horse of Cardamone. 
In Equus przewalskii the forward part is wider, the posterior narrower. 
Inner side of the cuboideum.—Here there is nothing to say in opposition to 
Major and the Anau horse is wholly like that of Cardamone. 
Table of dimensions and percentages. 
















: Equus Equus : : Equus 
Cuboideum. pumpellit. Semen Hipparion. preeuniehaa 
mm. | P.ct. mm. | P. ct. mm. | P.ct. mm. Pct. 
Length of bones Jace awacec sett enter 31 100° | 37.5 | LOO) 1\"30- 5.) 100 ai ar 100 
Longitudinal diameter of facet for metatar- 
Sus Medius ee acenes ores eetenis anne are 8 26 9 24 “4 23 II 35.5 
Transverse diameter of same@-... 0... :.5 cscs 7 23 655 07532 O25 yer 10.5 | 34 
Longitudinal diameter of facet for metatar- 
SUS EXtE@MMuUs...cofeus. .w6 eee es te Ez 55 15 40 17 56 20 64 
‘Transverse diameter of Same... 2.0.20... 06- 7 23 8 ST 3a LOeSaeeat 7 23 
Width  onismallest parted tem era ene 3 a 6 Be : 
; , Equus Recent 
Cuboideum. Solutré. Cardamone. pects haree 
mm. Pet: mm. | P.ct. mm, Pict mm, | P.ct. 
Length of bones... 2.0. se sleet 38 100 45 100 40.5 | 100 40.5 | 100 
Longitudinal diameter of facet for metatar- 
SUS MeECINS:< Lo nie strate wee ote cen ieee 12 BI 14 31 ht. 29 16 39.5 
Transverse diameter of same............... FO. 55 27 12.5) |°2727) | OvS 4 2304) else oneaS 
Longitudinal diameter of facet for metatar- 
SUS EXCETNUS cies cas te eee Gees tee 24 63 25 5 ST 20 50 20.5 | 50 
Transverse diameter of same............... 10 2623 }o21 26-8 | 11 27 1035 0/020 
Widthjon smallest part... pia, eee oan 7 AC 6 8.5 : ~ 5 






More important is the distal articulation surface of the cuboideum. ‘The small 
joint for the metatarsus medius possessed by Paleotherium minus and Anchitherium, 
but enlarged in the genus Hipparion and in horses, is in the Anau horse uncom- 
monly small, in absolute measurement smaller even than in the ass, and approaches 
wholly in dimensions the Hipparions of Mt. Léberon. This dimension is greater 
in Equus przewalski. Nevertheless, the relative dimensions show that the Anau 
horse stands midway between Equus asinus and Equus stenonis, and that Equus 
przewalskw even surpasses the recent horses in the size of these dimensions. 
While in many recent horses and in Equus przewalsku the forward part of the 
facet for the metatarsus externus is separated from the posterior part, there is no 
breach of continuity in Equus pumpellit nor in the horses of Solutré and Carda-- 
mone. ‘The narrowest place in the articulating surface for metatarsus externus— 
