478 LARGER STONE IMPLEMENTS OF THE KURGANS AT ANAU. 
Catalogue No. 39 A.N.K. can best be described as a “doughnut-shaped’”’ 
stone of fine-grain quartzite conglomerates» Its diameter is 3 inches and that of 
the hole 0.7 inch (fig. 505). Its use can be only conjectural—perhaps a ceremonial 
mace-head, perhaps a chucking-stone in some game. 
Fig. 506, from +30 feet in terrace 11 of North Kurgan, I have classed with 
figs. 507 and 508 and also with the stones found in the South Kurgan (figs. 509 
and 510). It is a large stone 10 inches by 17 inches by 2.5 inches, weighing 33,3, 
Russian pfund (=13.59 kilos). It has a hole cut near the top to form a handle, 
which is much worn by use. I know of no analogous form among stone implements 






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502 493 
Figs. 496-502.—Stone Implements from the Anau Kurgans. Fig. 498 from the South Kurgan, all others from the 
North Kurgan. 
of other countries. Professor Pumpelly suggested the possibility of its use as a 
standard of weight. This seemed the more likely when we came upon other 
smaller stones, all broken, but showing the same form. 
From the loose wash earth of the South Kurgan the workmen took a 
millstone-shaped stone (fig. 511),12 inches in diameter, with a 2.5-inch hole in the 
center. The edges were much scarred and chipped in a manner that could not 
have come from horizontal use against a similar stone; nevertheless, I took it to 
be a more or less modern implement from a Persian mill, of which there were several 
on the little watercourses flowing from the mountains south of our work. 

