













172 THE BRITISH FERNS. 
there marginate or furnished with the excurrent membrane charac- 
teristic of the marginate group, and. hence they are called submar- 
ginate. The fronds are mostly of normal size, and vary from one to 
two inches in breadth, the base being usually cordate but sometimes 
narrowed and subtruncate, and the apex attenuate or lobate, some- 
times furcate, or multifid; the margins crenate-lobate, especially 
towards the apex, the lobes often crenately-toothed. These fronds are 
freely soriferous beneath in the usual way, and they are also supra- 
soriferous, in which respect, and in consequence of their crenate- 
lobate margins, they approach crenato-lobatum (43). Other fronds 
are sometimes produced similar to the perfect ones on one side of the 
rachis, and on the other here and there narrowed and dentate or 
laciniate ; others are truncate, submarginate, and obliquely cornute ; 
and others again are sometimes borne, which are abortive, having 
nothing but a short scaly stipes without any of thelamina developed. 
The plants are usually of elegant character, and not very uncommon, 
having been found in—Devonshire: Ilfracombe, Rev. J. M. Chanter. 
Sussex: Littlehampton, G. B. Wollaston (lobate form) ; Hastings, 
S. F. Gray. Isle of Wight, R. Bloxam. Dorsetshire : Glanville's 
Wootton, G. B. Wollaston. Pembrokeshire: Castle Malgwyn, W. 
Hutchison. Glamorganshire: Southerndown, T. H. Thomas (scalp- 
turate). Yorkshire: Castle Howard, C. Monkman ; Rivaulx Abbey, 
C. M.; Coxwold, C. M.; Mowthorpe Dale, C. M. (lobate) ; Don- 
caster, S. Appleby ; Settle, A. Clapham (irregular) ; Malham, A. 
Stansfield; Mulgrave Castle, A. S. Nottinghamshire: Worksop, 
S. Appleby. Durham: Sunderland, J. Fuirbridge (lobate). 
Guernsey, C. Jackson (lobate), J. James. Ireland, Dr. Allchin. 
75. submarginato-dentatum (M.). A dwarf and interesting form 
raised from spores by Messrs. Stansfield of Todmorden. The fronds 
are variable, three to six inches long in the example before us, an 
inch to an inch and a-half wide, cordate at the base, the margin 
sinuous and crenately-toothed throughout; the longer frond is 
narrowed but abrupt at the apex, the shorter one divides into two 
branches about a couple of inches long, rounded at the ends, and 
diverging right and left at a right angle with the lower portion. It 
is said to be constant, and is curious and elegant. 
76. submarginato-multifidum (M.). This is a very fine form, mar- 

