THE COMMON HARD FERN. 
THE COMMON HARD FERN. 
BLECHNUM SPICANT. 
B. fronds tufted, dissimilar, linear-lanceolate, coriaceous; the 
barren spreading or prostrate pectinato-pinnatifid, with approximate 
oblong linear subfalcate flat segments, often pinnate below, the short 
rounded segments being there remote; the fertile taller, erect, 
pinnate, with narrow linear subfalcate acute contracted pinnæ having 
reflexed margins; sori intramarginal. [Plate XCIV.] 
BLECHNUM SPICANT, Smith, Mem. Acad. Roy. Sc. Turin, v. 411. Withering, 
Arr. Brit. Pl. iii. 765. Roth, Cat. Bot.i. 182; Id., Fl. Germ. iii. 44. 
Koch, Syn. 2 ed. 984. Fries, Sum. Veg. 88. Ledebour, Fl. Ross. iv. 593. 
Moore, Handb. Brit. Ferns, 8 ed. 217; Id., Ferns of Gt. Brit. Nature 
Printed, t. 48 C. Newman, Hist. Brit. Ferns, 3 ed. 17. Bentham, Handb. 
Brit. Fl. 635. Nyman, Syllog. Fl. Eur. 434. 
BLECHNUM BOREALE, Swartz, Schrad. Journ. Bot. 1800, ii. 75; Id., Syn. Fil. 
115. Smith, Eng. Bot. xvii. t. 1159 ; Id., Eng. Fl. 2 ed. iv. 303. Gray, 
Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. ii. 15. Mackay, Fl. Hib. 848. Hooker & Arnott, Brit. 
Fl. 7 ed. 590. Babington, Man. Brit. Bot. 4 ed. 427. Sowerby, Ferns of 
Gt. Brit. 64, t. 37. Schkuhr, Krypt. Gew. 102, t. 110. Willdenow, Sp. 
Plant. v. 408. Sturm, Fl. (Farrn.) t. 6. Mettenius, Fil. Hort. Bot. Lips. 
64, t. 4, fig. 11, 12. 
BLECHNUM SPICANS, Wollaston, Phytol, n. ser. i. 801 ; ii. 143, 220. 
OSMUNDA SPICANT, Linneus, Sp. Plant. 1522. Lightfoot, Fl. Scot. 654. Bolton, 
Fil. Brit. 8, t. 6. Flora Danica, t. 99. Curtis, Fl. Lond. t. 127. Poiret, 
Enc. Supp. iv. 147, in obs. (spicans). 
OSMUNDA BOREALIS, Salisbury, Prod. 402. 
ONOCLEA SPICANT, Hoffmann, Deutschl. Fl. ii. 11. 
ASPLENIUM SPICANT, Bernhardi, Schrad. Journ. Bot. 1801, i. 17. 
STRUTHIOPTERIS SPICANT, Weis, Plant. Crypt. 987. Scopoli, Fl. Carn. ii. 288. 
Allioni, Fl. Pedem. 2390. à < ; 
ACROSTICHUM SPICANT, Villars, Hist. Pl. Dauph. iii. 838. Sibthorp, Fl. 
Oxon. 267. 
ACROSTICHUM NEMORALE, Lamarck, Fl. Franç. i. 11; Id., Enc. Bot. i. 35. 
LOMARIA SPICANT, JDesvauz, Berl. Mag. v. 825; Id., Prod. 287. Sprengel, 
Syst. Veg. iv. 62. Link, Fil. Sp. 75. Presl, Tent. Pterid. 142. Fee, Gen. 
Fil. 68. Ruprecht, Dist. Crypt. Ross. 45. Pappe & Rawson, Syn. Fil. Afr. 
Aust. 29. Newman, Hist. Brit. Ferns, 2 ed. 89. Deakin, Florigr. Brit, 
iv. 51, fig. 1587. Lowe, Nat. Hist. Ferns, iv. t. 52 B. Hooker, Sp. Fil. 
iii. 14. 
LOMARIA BOREALIS, Zink, Hort. Reg. Berol. ii. 80. 
STEGANIA BOREALIS, R. Brown, Prod. Fl. Nov. Holl. 152, in obs. 
SPICANTA BOREALIS, Presl, Epim. Bot. 114. 
Var. lancifolium: sterile fronds narrow (4 to 4 in.), the upper 
P 2 

