
282 THE BRITISH FERNS. 
W. Lowlands.—Dumfries-shire: ravine near Loch Skene, Rev. 
W. Little; Devil's Beef-tub, and hills north of Moffat, P. Gray ; 
abundant on steep crumbling rocks, on the hills dividing Dumfries 
and Peebles-shire, W. Stevens. 
E. Highlands.—Perthshire : Ben Chonzie, near Crieff, Dr. Bal- 
four; Ben Lawers, J. Backhouse. Forfarshire: Glen Fiadh, Clova 
Mountains, W. Wilson, J. Backhouse. Morayshire: Forres, Hb. 
S. F. Gray. 
This fern appears to be more abundant in the north of Europe 
than with us. Itis found in Iceland, Lapland, Norway, Sweden, 
Denmark, and in Russia from Nova Zembla to the Crimea and. the 
Caucasus. Southwards, it is recorded as being found in Germany, 
Switzerland, France, Hungary, Italy and Spain. In Asia it occurs 
in Siberia, in the regions of the Altai Mountains and Lake Baikal, 
and extends to Kamtschatka and Awatschka Bay. It is found in 
Arctic America, about the Saskatehawan, and in the Rocky Moun- 
tains of north-west America, in Canada, and in the United States. 
The present species differs from Woodsia alpina—(1) in the greater 
breadth and development of the frond, which is lanceolate and not 
linear, the pinn being elongated and oblong, not short and deltoid ; 
and (2) in the crinite vestiture of the stipites and rachides, and of 
the lower surface of the ribs and veins of the frond, W. alpina being 
almost destitute of subulate scales, although sparingly furnished with 
tubular jointed hairs. Mr. Wollaston points out a further difference, 
namely, that at the period of vernation, whilst JV. ilvensis shows no 
trace whatever of its fructification, the sori in W. alpina are remark- 
ably conspicuous. The two plants indeed, though united by some 
botanists, are totally and permanently distinct. 
This species may be cultivated in the same manner as the follow- 
ing, under which, some cultural directions will be found. 

