356 GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL. WORDS. 
repand : slightly sinuated, so as to form a 
gently waving marginal line. 
resupinate : in an inversed position, upside 
down. 
reticulated : united so as to form a regular 
network. 
retuse : blunt-ended with an indentation or 
shallow terminal noteh or depression. 
rhizome: a form of stem in which the 
fronds are developed laterally and not 
from the growing point. 
rhizomatous : having a rhizome. 
rhomboidal : oval, somewhat angular in 
the middle. 
ring: an elastic belt, surrounding the 
spore-cases ; same as annulus. 
sagittate : furnished with a pair of basal 
acute lobes, like the head of an arrow. 
scalariform: a kind of tubular vascular 
tissue found in ferns. 
scandent: climbing; applied to elongated 
stems, which climb like ivy. 
scolopendrioid : resembling Scolopendrium. 
secund : having the parts all directed to 
one side. 
segments; the divisions of a pinnatifid 
frond, 
serrate : notched with sharp straight teeth 
pointing forwards. 
sessile : sitting close; not stalked. 
seta : a bristle-like hair. 
Setaceous : bristly or-bristle-formed. 
simple: applied to undivided parts, as 
fronds, &e. 
sinwate : lobed as in the leaves of the oak, 
the margin forming a strongly sinuous 
or wavy line. 
sinus: the bay or recess between two pro- 
jecting parts of the margin. 
sori : the collections (little heaps or lines) 
i of spore-cases found on the back of the 
frond (sing. sorus). 
soriferous : bearing sori, fertile. 
spermatozoid: a free spiral filament con- 
tained in certain sperm-cells of the 
antheridia or male organs of ferns. 
Spike: a narrow form of fructification in 
which the spore-cases are sessile. 
spikelets : little spikes ; applied to the 
branches of the fructification of some 
osmundaceous and  ophioglossaceous 
ferns. 
spore: the minute seed-like germ-buds 
produced by ferns and other cryptoga- 
mous plants, 
spore-cases: the small one-celled vessels 
which contain the minute spores. 
sporangia : same as spore-cases. 
sporangiferous : bearing the spore-cases or 
Sporangia. 
stipes: the stalk-portion of a frond or fronds 
(pl. ipd 

stipitate : stalked. 
stoma : a mouth ; the part in the annulate 
Spore-case where it bursts open. 
subulate : awl-shaped. 
superficial: applied to organs such as the 
Sori, when seated on the surface. 
supralineate : having an excurrent rib-like 
projection or growth on the upper 
surface. 
suprasoriferous : 
surface. 
bearing sori on the upper 
tasseled : furnished with a crispy apical 
tuft or tufts. 
terminal: at the end; applied when the 
receptacle is situated at the tip of a 
vein. 
ternate: three-branched. 
thecœ : same as spore-cases. 
tortuous : twisted, or irregularly devious 
in direction. 
trapeziform : four-sided, the opposite sides 
not parallel. 
trapezioid : resembling a trapezium. 
trifid : three-cleft; split at the end into 
three divisions. 
iripinnate: thrice pinnate. 
tripinnatifid: thrice pinnatifid. 
truncate: terminating abruptly so as to be 
almost square-ended. 
umbilicate : having a central navel-like 
depression ; same as peltate. 
unilateral : one-sided. 
umiserial: in one row or series. 
unisoriferous : bearing one sorus. 
universal: occupying the whole surface ; 
applied to the sori when occupying the . 
whole area of the frond. 
veins: the ribs which traverse the leafy 
parts of the frond ; applied especially 
to the first series of branches or those 
which directly arise from the costa. 
veinlets : the third. series of branch 
veins, those which branch outfrom the 
venules. 
venation : the system of veins which 
traverses the frond. 
venose : veiny, ortraversed by veins or ribs. 
venules : the second series of branch veins, 
those which branch out from the 
primary veins. 
vernation : the manner in which the young 
parts of the frond are folded up. 
verrucate ; warty. 
verruculate : somewhat warty. 
viviparous: bearing young plants. 
warty : having irregular protuberances 
from the surface. 
winged: having a narrow thin or leafy 
border. 

