¥796:] 
remark of HerscHeEn’s, that, in the 
year +739, hefeveral times ooferved $a- 
turn two-or three hours. before and after 
its meridian paffage, with one fingle 
perfon to continue at his direétions the 
neceilary horizontal) and.» vertical | mo- 
tions. 
Upon the platform. are vifible two 
rooms, the one called the Obfervatory, 
five inches by five feet five 
inches, the other called the Working- 
room, fix feet fix inches by four feet five 
inches. Po, perfons, in thefe rooms, as 
has been above remarked, the obferver 
ean give his direétions by ‘cans of the 
ipeaking: pipes: and in the rooms may 
be placed things, commonly ufed in Ob- 
iisanaied f 
From a view of the pe and the de- 
feription thus: given. of it, our readers, 
we prefume, eal forma a competent idca 
of an ago Gee whith, with proper 
eye-g slaffes, magnifies above fix thoufand 
times, and is the largeft that has ever 
been made. . Aftronomers in different 
parts o¢ the world may be difcouraged 
from continuing their obfervations, when 
3¢ fhould feem, thar their difcoveries mu 
be anticipated by» cur obferver; but 
though he has fo much the advantage, 
BH Ee is left to their labour and induftry 
It did not require a telefcope of this 
magnitude to Goieeye the object which 
was.firft difcovered tobe a planet by our 
zironemer, for it had been. feen and 
taken fora fixed far by many perfons 
in the two laft- centuries. And the double 
“Ming of Saturn,; which has; indeed, been 
fa heausii ully, obferved through vee 
magnifier, had been already de- 
ed by Caffini in his Memoirs.~ Svech 
of our readers as with for.a more accurate 
account of >this inftrument, will diad. it 
in the Tranfaétions of the Royal Society 
for 1795, fecond part; in which there 
are eighteen plates and fixty-thyec paves 
of letrer- prefs, to give an ample detail of 
every circumftance relating to join ers? 
work, carpenters’ work, {miths’ work, 
&c. whieh has. at ended the formation 
and ereétion of this sar um Pn. Tt was 
comp! ees on Auguft the 28th, 1789, on 
'which day. the fixth frolic of Saturn 
was difcovered. I 
2 — see 
ARTS axp MANUFACTURES 
| 1 the year 1794, a periodical. work, in 
monthly numbers, began to be pub- 
lithed, entitled, . « Tue Repertory 
@F Arts AND MANUFACTURES,’ 
~ ~ 
\ 
\ 
Arts and Manufaciures—Tanning, &9ec. 
45 
the purpofe of which was, to give to the 
pudlic a full account of a 
improve- 
ment under thofe heads, conrained eith: er 
In patents, or the communicatio as of in- 
genious men at home, or in the tranfae- 
tions of philofoptal fecieties abroad. 
Of this very ufefui work, we mean to 
give fuch an hiftorical retrefpect, as hall 
approve our readers of the, general na- 
ture cf its contents, and diredt them to 
the fuller’ informa ation to be procured 
from the publication itfelf. We conceive 
that. in will be mot ‘fe ful to throw the 
feveral’ articles into diftinG clafles ; and 
we thall Begin with thofe which princi. 
pally belong to the head of t Chenu fir J, 
I. .TANNING. AND  |PREPARING 
LEATHER. : 
Mr. Samuel Afhton, | of 
Yen ie obtained a. patent for a new 
method of tanning, the effence of which 
confiits in ufipe mineral ini yeve. 
table afiringents.” The athielet which he 
employs are very varyous, nor does he 
frateany preference of fome to others. 
They are, in general, native or artificial 
preparations of Iron, Copper, zinc, and 
fulphur, from which tan liquors are 
made, more or lefs compound, but all 
pffetiing - confiderable roughneis or au- 
fterity to the tafte. In thefe, the hides, 
previoully prepared, are to: be immerfed, 
and treated in the ufual mode by turning, 
&e. It-is tated, that from five to feven 
weeks are facene for tanning fole lea- 
ther, and from eighteen to twenty- etoht 
days for, crup| leather and calves’ {kin 
Vegetal ble tee as oak, back, &e. 
may be ufed asia ay Cy bs ough not requi- 
Sheffield, 
fice for the tanning. See farther, Reser- 
tor, Vol. Le p.. 
“A patent was alfo’ granted to Mr. 
Jonn Bellamy, ef ‘London, for a method 
of rendering leather Mietcispronh 5 which 
is done by rubbing or bruthing into the 
leather, a mixture of drying ‘oils, nd 
any of the oxides or calxes of lead, cop- 
52 
per, or iron; or, according to his fecund 
methed, by fubltituring any of the gum= 
zs y 
my refins, in the Ley af 
xides.— Vol. I. P: shes ; 
The fame volt ume alfo contains an_ 
elaborate account of a new method: of 
tanning, and . rendering leather water- 
proof, by the chev valier ce St: Real-oodie 
recommends the green hides to be foaked 
in running water, a Gorearen time to 
extract on the lymph, after which they 
are to be placed for one hour in water of 
the temperature of. 167 se See then 
to be ftretched, and the hair taken of: 
they 
the metallic 
