114 
made the rental of the whole ifland more 
than 9,500,000. G. King and Dr. Da- 
venant, in Queen Anne’s reign, ftated 
the rental of England and Wales at 
¥4,000,000l. andit may be prefumed this 
was nearly the truth at the time; but it 
foon began to appear too low, and about 
twenty yea-s ago it was generally reck- 
oned at 20,000,000!.; at prefent how- 
ever, it confiderably exceeds this fum. 
The chief difficulty in forming an eftimate 
of the land rental, confilts in affigning an 
average value to the different defcriptions 
of land ; for the total number of acres, and 
the manner in which they are annually 
cropped, has lately been pretty well afcer- 
tained. ‘The toliowing itatement, given 
by Mr. Middleton, in his View of the A- 
acl of the county of Middlefex, 
ews nearly the proportions cultivated for 
different purpo‘zs. Acres, 
Wheat . - - 3,850,000 
Barley and rye - 1,050,000 
Oats and beans = 39 500,000 
Clover, rye-grafs, &c. one 
year’s ley - - 1,400,000 
Roots and cabvbages culti- 
vated by the plough - 1,400,000 
Fallow - = 2,8C0,000 
Hop grounds - 44,000 
Nurfery grounds - E0;000 
Fruit and kitchen gardens 
cultivated by the fpade - 50,000 
Ple:fure-grounds—the dref- 
-fed and unprofitable parts only 20,000 
Land depafiured by cattle 21,300,000 
Hedge-rows, coples, and 

_ Woods 2 - - 2,000,000 
Ways, water, &c. - 1,603,000 
Cultivated land - “39,027,000 
Commonsand waftel:nds 7,889,000 
Total acres in England — 
and Wales - 46 916,coo 




_ HF the commons and watte-lands are 
éonfidered as equal in annual value to only 
one million of cultivated acres, the whole 
may be taken at forty millions. Fhe 
average rent has been ftated at 15s. per 
acre, which appears to be a moderate com- 
putation; but, taking it ata tenth lefs, 
the rental amounts to 27,000,o001. and 
the value, at twenty-eight yeats” purchale, 
to 756,000,000]. The number of eulti- 
vated acres in Scotland is upwards of 
twelve millions, and of uncultivated up- 
wards of fourteen millions of acres; a 
great part of the latter is of very little ule ; 
hut if it 1s wholly excluded, and the cul- 
tivated part rated at an average of 10%, 
aa 
Mr. Grellier on the National Wealth. 
[Sept. I, 
per acre, which makes 6,000,000l. per 
annum, the total rental of the ifland will 
be 33,000,000l. and the value of the land 
924,000,000]. This mult be under- 
ftood as including the value of tytbes, it 
being unneceflary to diftinguifh here be- 
tween the rent paid to the landlord, and 
the part paid to the tythe-proprietor. Mre 
Pitt, on propofing the inceme tax, ftated 
the landlords* rents at twenty-five mil- 
lions, and the tythes on the produce of 
land and farming ftock at five millions, 
which is probably lefs than would he 
added to the value of land alone were 
tythes done away* ; therefore, aceording 
tothis account it appears, that, including 
Scotland, the «hole rental cannot be lefs 
than thirty-three millions. 
The value of the houfes of Great Bri- 
tain is perhaps more difficult to afcertain 
than that of the land: but the fellowing 
ftatement of their rent, founded on the 
numbers returned as chargeable and ex- 
cufed to the window duties, in England 
and. Wales, in r781, will not be thought 
too high. 


. Rent. 
Number of Cottages 284,459, 
at 20S. per annum - £:284:459 
Number of houfes under 10 
windows, 497,801, at sl. per 
annum - = = 2,489,005 
Number of houfes under 21 
windows, 171,177, at 15]. per 
annum - - ~ 2,567,653 
Number of houfes, abovezo 
windows, 52,373, at 40l. per 
annum - - - 2,094;:920 
Total - <= = 7:436,039 

Fhe total rent, at twenty years” pur- 
chafe, makes 148,720,780l.; and, in- 
cluding Scotland at lefs than a fixth of 
England and Wales, the whole will 
amount to 170,000,co0l. 
In order to form an idea of the value of 
cattle, and farming. ftock, onthe Jand, we 
may confider the black cattle and calves, 
fheep and lambs, fwice, pigs, and poultry 
annually confumed in London as worth 

* This impolitic provifion for the clergy, ~ 
of which a very great part is now in the 
hands of laymen, has been fuffered to exift in. 
this country about a thoufand years, a con- 
fant impediment to agricultural improves 
ments, and a ftriking inftance of fuperftitious 
attachment to ancient eftablifhments ; for 
every benefit which the clergy derive from 
it could be eafily fecured to them by other. 
means. 
6,000,000k 
