218 
the ufe of it entirely, while, to the af- 
fluent, it would be a matter of no impor- 
tance; the condition of the former is 
therefore rendered both really and compa- 
ratively worfe as fuch taxes increafe ; this 
effect is increafed by the expenditure of 
the money raifed, a part of which is ab- 
forbed in falaries and emoluments to the 
various perfons employed by government, 
whofe number and profits generally in- 
creafe with the profufion of the expendi- 
ture; a further part is employed in the 
purchafe of naval and military ftores, 
which adds to the profits of merchants 
and manufacturers ; and a much greater 
part in this country is applicable to the 
payment of intereft on money borrowed, . 
every increafe of which not only implies 
an augmentation of the capitals of indivi- 
 duals,.for the ufe of which {uch intereft 
is paid, but contributes to this augmenta- 
tion, by the profit which forms the induce- 
ment to lend money in the firft inftance, 
or by the greater income which the per- 
fons lending it obtain by thefe means, 
than they would make by employing the 
principal in other ways. “The tendency of 
all increafe of the expenditure of govern- 
ment, particularly that part which is 
caufed by the increafe of the national 
debt, is therefore to create a greater dil- 
parity in the condition of the people, by 
increafing the wealth of the rich, while it 
reduces the midling clafs nearer to po- 
verty 5 this effeét cannnot be very favour- 
able to advancement in national wealth, 
while itis highly inimical to objects of 
infinitely greater importance—the liberties 
and happinefs of the people. | 
Uniou fireet, Sep.15. J.J. GRELLIER. 
eS nA 
Jo the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. 
SIR, 
Should be obliged to you to infert the 
following extraét from the Rev. Dr. Van- 
derkemp’s Journal (who isat prefenta miffi- 
onary at Caffraria), and requeft {ome one 
of your botanical correfpondents to give us 
the Linnzan name of the plant. 
<¢ ] pulled one of the plants, of which I 
ufed the ftalk for food, up by the roots, 
which had the figure of a carrot. Cutting it 
tranfverfely, I obferved it had ftained my 
knife witha deep black colour; I then threw 
fome iron nails into-a decoétion of it, and 
found that it gave me a good ink, of which 
this journal is a fpecimen. J will here fub- 
join the character of this plant, in cafe it 
might be found in Europe.” 
6< Hexandria monogynia. Calyx nullus. 
Corolla hexapetala. Petalorum pagina fupe- 
rior lutea, inferior viri defcens, colore fuo et 
Botanical Query— Macieyovitch. 
[O&sber 1; 
hirfutia calycis formam adfpeétu referens, 
Capfa trilocularis. Folia lanceolata, longa, 
per mediam longitudinem plicata, hirfuta. 
This plant is by the Caffres called T’Kaldnge. 
A. B. 
— 
To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. 
SIR, 
IMAGINE your correfpondent Z. Z. 
has been deceived refpeéting Macie- 
yovitch being mentioned in Mr. Tooke’s 
View of the Rufian Empire, as it isa place 
in Poland*, about fixty miles from Warlaw, 
and is memorable for being the place where 
the gallant Kolciufko, rendered fenfelefs 
with wounds, was taken prifoner, or 
where, in the elegant language of Mr. 
Campbell, 
Hope, for afeafon, bid the world farewell, 
And Freedom fhriek’d, when Kofciufko fell. 
Pleajures of Hope. 
Z. Z.’s miftake moft probably arofe 
from his cafually looking into Mr. Teoke’s 
Life of Catherine, where the particulars 
of the above event are related, and fup- 
pofing that he was perufing that gentle- 
man’s View of the Ruffian Empire. 
Hackney, T. Bourn. 
Sept. 8; 1800. 
ae 
For the Monthly Magazine. 
PRESENT STATE of MANNERS, SOCI- 
ETY, Gc. Gc. of the METROPOLIS of 
ENGLAND. 
(Continued from page 140.) 
HERE never was a period in the anz 
nals of time, in which fingularity of 
character was fo univerfally aimed at, as 
at the prefent epocha. Notoriety is now 
the leading fpring of a&tion; and thofe 
who are moft zealous in acquiring it, fre- 
quently miftake its charaéteriftics for 
thofe of celebrity. For this important 
purpofe, we behold authors writing in 
contradiction to their avowed principles ; 
ators caricaturing nature, till they de- 
prive her of every grace; painters pre- 
fenting to the eye imaginary forms, difpro- 
portioned—diftorted—and unlike any thing 
human; men effeminized like women; 
and women affuming the mafculine deport- 
ment of the other fex ; all eagerly pur- 
fuing the popular phantom, NorTorietTy! 
There is in the higher orders of fociety a 
fpecies of character, at once extraordinary 
and ridiculous. This kind of being may 
be diftinguifhed by the appellation of 

* Maceiowice, 21 deg. §0 min. E. 51 
ceg. 40 min. N. 
See Guthrie’s Atlas, folic. 
ARIS- 
