1800. | 
ifland of Great. Britain, the remains of 
the abbey. This edifice has been exten- 
five and crand ; built in one of the fineft 
ftyles of Gothic architeéture ; the carving, 
of which there has been a great profus 
fion réfembles jace-work. A {mall pari of 
this venerabie pile yet ftands, a memorial 
of the magnificerce of the entire building. 
Iam now on or near the borders of 
Roxburghfhire. 
to the Agricultural Report, contains about 
472,320 acres: (Englith), and its annual 
value is eltimated at 100,000l fterling. 
It conifts of a beautiful fucceffion of hills 
and dales, and is watered by a number of 
fine rivers: indeed every hollow or dell 
has its brook. The vales are generally 
ndrrow, and weli cultivated, even, 'n fome 
places, almoft to the tops of the his. 
‘Tne mountains,’or ridges of hills, are for 
the moft part Solan alle covered with a 
verdant carpet of grafs; and are univer- 
fally depaftured with large flocks of theep. 
Tne foil is principally of two forts, viz. 
gravel or gravelly loam, and clay: the 
former is much mere prevalent, and pro- 
duces turnips, barley, clover, Sc. and the 
Jatter wheat, oats, &c. “Che mountains 
are not common, as {uch are chiefly in Enge 
land, but private property : indeed the 
greatelt. part of the county belongs to 
great poorietors. ‘There are few farms 
io {mall as 100 acres ; they contain from 
120 fo 2000 acres, and there are fome 
even of 4000 acres. This great accumu- 
Jation of iand in one hand is confidered by 
fome as a public evil; I, however, rather 
think it injurious toxindividuals of {mall 
capital than ta the pubhc atiarge. ‘The 
annual rent of laud. in tillage is, on an 
average, about ‘14s per acre; hilly paf- 
ture: Zs# to '35. Bou Acle 3 and fome rich 
grounds near market-towns, 30s. or more 
per acre. “The terms of leafes are gene- 
rally nineteen or twenty-one years. Here 
is much open field, and a great want of 
wood: but much improvement in inclofing 
and planting is now going on, and has 
been for iome time back ; fo that it is faid 
the value of the county is doubled within 
the laft forty. years. Farm houfes and of- 
fices are generally modern, good and con- 
venient. Some on the Duke of Buc- 
cleugh’s eftate coft from 4o0ol. to roool. 
each. 
In improvements, ho!low draining i is un- 
deritood and practifed by few, but much 
more ought to be done inthat way. In 
Irrigation, the Duke of Buccleuzh as ob- 
ferved before, has engaged a perion well 
fkilied in the praétice, to water thole paris 
pt his eftate which will admit of it, Vhis 
This county according: 
.whey trom taat milk at 
Houfman’s Tour in Scotland. ' &6809 
mode of improvement 1s much the beft and 
cheapett, and, it is hoped, will in time be 
univerfally adopied. Roxburgfhire af. 
fords in feveral places the fineft fhell marl, 
which is ufed to the greatett advantage, 
and preferred to lime. 
. The moft approved rotations of crops 
are, I oats, 2 turnips drilled and hoed, 3 
wheat or barley with graffes, chiefly rye- 
grafs and clover, 4 hay or pafture for one 
year. Another fyftem is as follows: x 
oats, 2 turnips, 3 oats, 4 turnips withour 
dung, 5 wheat or barley with graffes, 6 
hay or pafture for one year. On clay 
foils—1 oats, 2 fummer tallow, >; wheat, 
A peas, 5 barley, with clover or rye-gra{s, 
6 hay, 7 hav, 8 pafture for two or three 
years. The farmers of this county excel 
in the‘cultivatioa of turnips, which is in- 
“deed the foundation.of all improvement On 
light foils. That ufcful root is univerfally 
drilled and boed: the fyitem of ee 
turnips in the fields ona large fcale was 
it is faid, firit practifed by Mr. Dawfon 
of Flondens in 17533 it had, a few years 
before, been tuccefstully attempted in gar- 
dens and {mall inclofures. The farmer’s 
fervantsare mofily hinds, fhepherds, barn- 
men, &c. who live with their families in 
cottages on the farm. ‘They are. hired 
for the year at Whitfuntide, and generally 
have a fhilling per day, with victuals in 
harveit. Some barn-men have their wages 
in kind, at the rate. of the ay -fitth 
part of the grain threfhed. 
Moit of the milch-cows in this place 
area mixture of the Dutch, French, and 
Engl fh kinds. ‘hey are fhort-hcrned, 
deep- ribbed, and of a white and red co- 
lour, a ad weigh when fat about forty ftone, 
Roxburghhhire is at prefent ftocked wiih 
about 260, 900 theep, which pafture Bea 
onan equal number of acres of land. Tae 
quantity of wool annually {horn from thefe 
fheep 1s eftimated at 780,000 1b. valued at 
27,6251. hey are principally of the 
Cheviot breed, but latterly a mixture with ° 
Mr. Culley’s fock has been tried on the 
lower grounds, and found to anfwer very 
well. It is tse oniverfal praCtice in this 
county to milk the ewes, and to make 
cheefe from the mik. This cheefe is not 
often relifhed at Rrit,oy an Englith palate. 
The milk taken from an ewe is common y 
eitimated at one fhilling per week, and the 
four pence. 
Scaided whey, that is, whey boiled along 
with a little oaimeal, is, during fummer, a 
common article of provifjan among fervants 
and cottagers. 
The roads that I have feen in this 
county are uacemmonly fine, but mighe 
: have 
