1800.] Sixty Articles of Literary and Philofophical Intelligence. 
in his firft fcheme, conceives the defign of 
one more extenfive, which he only in part. 
communicates to Clerville, who fhews a 
ftriking degree of inexperience and inca- 
pacity in thofe parts of the genera! defign 
which he thought proper to fill. Riquet 
became the umpire and comptroller of the 
plans, with the exprefs liberty of changiog 
the courfe of the canal, wherever he judged 
it neceflary. The plans of Clerville tell 
to the ground, while thofe of Andreoffy, 
which were followed almof without alter- 
ation, ftill excite the admiration of Europe. 
It is painful to relate, however, that afier 
the death of Riquet, in 1680, Andreofly, 
who conduéted the work toits completion, 
finding himéelf negle&ed and unfupported, 
in 1688 dicd of mortifcation to find him- 
felt fo ill rewarded for his Jong continued 
labours, and to fee the lofs of the glory 
ard reputation which he had fo well me- 
rited. After his death. his name was 
carefully buriedin obfewity. The author 
of the prefent publication, with great de- 
licacy and moderation, afferts the glory of 
his anceftor ; and, without ufing a fingle 
refleétion which might. hurt the family of 
Riquet, but, on the contrary, beftowing 
on him the praife which his great talents 
and induftry deferve, preduces numerous 
proofs of the error into which Lalande has 
fallen in reprefenting Andreofly as only a 
fubordinate perfon in that great under- 
taking, ard brings forwaid a very honour- 
able teftimony of Vauban to the talents 
of this unfortunate genius, fome of whofe 
papers and memoirs fiill exift, and are 
written with a modefty and fimpiicity cf 
ftyle which fo often attends the moft ex- - 
cellent abilities. 
The foup-eftabliihments ofcount Rum- 
ford, for the ufe of the poor, have lately 
been introduced with the happieft fuccefs 
into various parts cf the French republic: 
Geneya, Laufanne, Neufchatel, Mar{eilies, 
and Lyons are experiencing their advan- 
tages to a Jarge extent 5 and a trial has 
juit been made at Paris, which has fully 
an{wered the expeétations that were enser- 
tained in its favour. The firft expences of 
this eftablifnment amounted to about aol. 
and its current difburfements have been 
repaid by the daily fale of 300 rations of 
good foup, each ration weighing 24 
ounces, at the very modcrate price of fix 
liards (3 of a penny) each. 
RUGNATELLI has obtained a peculiar 
acid from cobalt, which he has called the 
cobaltic acid. This fubftance being ealily 
folubie in water, may be obtained by boil- 
ing zaffre in diftilled water, and filtering 
and eyaporating the folution repeatedly, to 
351. 
get rid of the oxyd of cobalt with which it 
is united. * 
A very rich chromat of iron has been 
difcovered at Baftide de la Carrade, in the 
department of the Var. This mineral is 
of a deep brown colour, with a metallic 
fplendour like blende: its {pecific gravity 
is == 4, 0324. It is compofed, according 
to the analytis of Vauquelin and Taflaert, 
of 
Chromic acid 

c § — 43.0 
Oxyd of iron — 34.7 
Alumine == ome 2/013 
Silex _ ~ 2.0 
100.0 
A new mineral, compofed of argil and 
the fluoric acid, has been found in Green- 
land. It iscompofed of whitifh femi-tran( 
parent laminz: fp. grav.2.949. It melts 
in the flame of a cand!e, and runs like ice 
before the blow-pipe. Hence it has ob- 
tained the name of cryotite. 
Specimens of marl, cryfalized in regu - 
lar prifms, have been found at Argenteuil, 
near Paris. 
Dize has propofed an expeditious me- 
thod of afcertaining the proportion of cop- 
per in brafs, and feparating it from the 
zinc. ‘Loa foiut:on of the brafs in nitric 
acid {ome pure lead is to be added ; as this 
diffolves, a precipitation of the copper in 
its metallic ftate will take place, and the 
zinc, on account of its fuperior affinity, 
will remain diffolved. The bronze coins 
of the. ancients contain about 93 of copper, 
4 of tin, and 3 of zinc. 
Guyton Morveau has analyfed the 
fuccinic acid (acid of amber), and found it 
to refemble the vegetable acids in furnifh- 
ing carbon, carbonic acid, and carbonated 
hydrogen. : 
From fome experiments of Proust on 
the rectification of nitric acid, it appears 
that its {pecific gravity is diminifhed by 
repeated diftillation. laving, prepared 
fome very pure yellow nitric acid, he 
found its {pecific gravity tobe 1.52. By 
a fecond diitillation it became colourlefs, 
and of the {p. gr. of 1.52, and by fubfe- 
quent repetitions of the procefs it was 
brough: down to 1.51, 1.49, 1-47, and 
at laftto1 44. 
The fame chemift has been meking a 
variety of experiments on the combina- 
tions of copper with oxygen: from which 
it appears that the pure oxyds of copper 
are conftantly of a deep brewn, and that 
the blue and green colours which were fup- 
pofed to indicate different degrees of oxy- 
genation are entirely owing to tue combi- 
2 nation 
