1800.] 
been open ever fince the year 1738, but it 
yields little more than the expence of work- 
inge In Weftmania, there is another 
mine of the fame precious metal. The moft 
ancient and the richeft filver mine is that 
of Sala, which would clear 2000 marks 
annually, if the expences of the neceflary 
works and repairs could be always fore- 
feen. None of the other filver mines de- 
ferve to be compared with this. But one 
of the true fources of the riches of Sweden 
is her mines of copper, which in quality is 
inferior to none but that of Japan. The 
moft important Swedith mine of that me- 
tal is at Fahlun,; which, however, chas 
been lefs productive of laie years than for- 
merly. Next in value to this, is the mine 
at Otvedaberg, in Oftrogothia. ‘The iron- 
mines are {till richer, and more numerous, 
this fource of wealth being common to all 
the provinces ; but the moit lucrative iron- 
mines are thefe of Weftmania, Wermland, 
and Upland, among which that of Danne- 
mora, with the foundry of Loffta, is the 
moft diftinguifhed. The exportation of 
the fingle article of iron fecures to Swe- 
den an annual return amounting to above 
two millions of crowns. Among the pre- 
cious ftones found in that country, the 
moft remarkable is its porphyry, which is. 
truly elegant. Marbles are very common, 
but i general are very inferior to thofe of 
Italy. ‘The fea furnithes fa't, but not in 
fufficient quantity for the confumption of 
the country, and it is not very proper for 
curing provifions, efpecially herrings. Swe- 
den contains ‘a great number of fulphur- 
mines, and mineral-fprings, the principal 
of which laft we have elfewhere defcribed. 
This kingdom is divided into five prin- 
cipal parts, namely, Sweden, properly fo 
called, the kingdom of the Goths, Nord- 
Jand, Lapland, and Finland, which are 
fubdivided into twenty-eight governments. 
There are only ros cities, moft of them 
ftill very fmall, and poorly peopled, which 
partly proceeds frem the practice of the 
burghers, who, when they have enriched 
themfelves by commerce, remove into the 
country, and purchafe land. ‘There are 
but few towns in the northern govern- 
ments, and in fome there is not fo much 
as one. 
In the north of Germany, Sweden pof- 
fefles'a part of Pomerania, bounded by 
the river Pene, with the ifland of Rugen, 
the town of Wifmar, and the bailiwick of 
Neuclofter, in Mecklenburg. Swedifh Po- 
merania lies on the fhore of the Baltic, is 
contiguous to the territories of Mecklen- 
burg and Pruffia, and, including Ruger, 
a Defeription of Wheidern Sweden: 
4s 
contains feventy fquare German miles® 
of territory, and a population of 100,000 
or 110,000 fouls. The climate of both is 
very temperate, and the foil generally fo 
fertile that it produces all forts of grain, 
abundance of cattle and geefe, which are 
remarkable for, their extraordinary fize. 
The fea and the frefh waters teem with 
fifhes, and the coafts afford a quantity of 
yellow amber. ‘The duchy of Pomerania 
contains feveral commercial towns, whence 
are exported commodities to a confiderable 
amount, the duties of which exceed 
200,000 crowns. ‘The King of Sweden, 
in his capacity of Duke of Pomerania, 
has a vote at the diet of Ratifbon. The 
{tates of the duchy are compofed partly 
of nobility, who hold fiefs, and partly of 
the deputies of towns. ‘The governor, 
wiio is appointed by the king, and prefides 
over the regency, refides at Stralfund. 
The univerfity eftablifhed at Griefswald, 
is endowed with a good library, has a 
confiderable number of profeffors, feveral 
of whom are extenfively and defervedly 
efteemed, and is attended by nearly roo 
{tudents. The vicinity of fo many other 
univerfities of greater celebrity, and its 
diftance from the centre of Germany, are 
without doubt the principal caufes why fo 
few ftudents refort to Griefswald. There 
are however feveral Swedes among their 
number, and more thah one of the proie{- 
fors are natives of that country. 
The only colony belonging to Sweden 
is the Weft Indian ifland of St. Barthelo- 
mew. ee 
The Swedes are well made and robuft, 
and, which is not common among other 
northern nations, their complexions ar 
extremely various. In fome provinces, 
they have in general black hair, and eye- 
brows and {kins of a deep chefnut colour ; 
but in other parts of the kingdom, they 
are whiter. “Their prevailing character is 
marked with addrefs, vivacity, and cheer 
fulnefs, which gives them a great refem- 
blance to the French, with whom they are 
frequently compared; though they cer- 
tainly have more fteadinefs and reflexion 
than the people of France, who, on the 
other hand, have fome fuperiority in point 
of vivacity. Their organs of fpeech, 
though not remarkable for force, are ex- 
tremely pliant, fo that they fucceed per- 
fectly in acquiring, foreign languages. 
They are infinuating, accommodating, and 
ingenious ; but they are accufed of a habi 
of exagcerating their fortunes and thei 
® Above 700 fquare Englith miles. 
merits, 

