1801.) 
though fome branches of it are carried on 
in Manchetter and other parts of England. 
The total quantity of Britifh linen ex- 
ported during the laft three years was as 
follows :— 
1797 - 14,533,000 yards 
1798 = = 20,744,000 
1799s =: ~—- 31,204,000 
If the quantity retained for home con-— 
fumption is not greater than the export, 
the value of the whole muft be at leaft 
1,6c0,cool. and it certainly will not be 
thought beyond the truth, if the yearly 
value of the whole of this manufadture in 
Great Britain, with the thread, and other 
branches of the flax trade, is ftated at 
%,c00,000l. and the number of perfons 
employed thereby at 60,000. That it. is 
not of lefs extent, may be prefumed from 
the following account of the quantity of 
rough flax and linen yarn imported on an 
average of five years, ending the sth of 
January in the year ftated :— 
Flax. Linen Yarn. 
£776 = 254,141 cwt.—7,847,157 lbs, 
i 787 s 245,636 3,873,866 
179% = 232,564  —9,781,275 
1799 - 290,754 —8,148,936 
The Heme manufactory at prefent ex~ 
ceeds 1,500,000]. but is lefs in time of 
peace: the perfons employed therein are 
probably not lefs than 35,000. 
The Paper manufactory has greatly 
advanced of late. A hundred years ago 
icarce any paper was made in this country 
but the coarfe wrapping papers; and for 
along time moft of the fwperior kinds 
continued to be imported; the export is, 
however, at prefent confiderable. The 
annual value of the manufacture, at the 
prefent high prices of the article, cannot 
be lefs than 900,000]. and the number of 
perfons employed in it 30,000. 
The Grass manufactory has been 
much improved during the prefent cen- 
tury, and has greatly increafed of late 
years ; it may now amcunt to 1,500,000l. 
and the perfons employed to about 36,000. 
‘The Potteries and manufactures of 
Earthen-ware and Porcelain have rapidly 
advanced during the prefent century, in 
confequence of the improvements made 
therein, and the introduction of many 
new and beautiful wares both for our 
own -ufe and foreign markets. ‘The an- 
nual value will probably not be over- 
rated at 2,000,000]. and the number of 
perfons employed at 45,000. 
_ The Iron manufactory is fupplied 
partly by the produce of our own mines, 
and partly by thofe of other countries: 
with refpe to the firft, it is faid, the 
total produce of pip-iron in Britain does 
A View of the Manufa@ures of Great Britain, 
_ ported during 
495 
hot at prefent exceed 100,000 tons; and 
reckoning on an average, that 33 cwt. of 
crude iron produces one ton of bars, and 
that the manufacture of malleable iron 
amounts to 35,000 tons per annum, this 
branch will require 57,750 tons.of crude 
iron, and the value in bars at 201. a ten, 
whith is under the prefent price, is 
700,000l.: the remaining 42,250 tons, 
caft into cannon, cylinders, machinery, 
&c. at r4l.a ton, is worth 591.500L 
The fupply of foreign bar iron is chiefly 
obtained from Rufa and Sweden, and 
the quantity imported on an average of 
12 years, has been 44,135 tons, worth, 
at 2.21. per ton, 970,970l. which, with the 
former fums, amounts to 2,,2.62,470l. ‘This 
value is greatly increafed by fubfequent 
labour, but the proportion of the increafe 
cannot be eafily determined, the quantity 
of labour being fo very different in dif- 
ferent articles. Some years ago the va- 
lue of the iron manufa@ure was eftimat- 
ed at 8,700,000]. this fum appears too 
high at prefent, but including Tin and 
Lead, the value of the whole will pro- 
bably not betaken too high at 10,000,0001. 
and the number of perfons employed at 
00,000. 
The Copper and Brass manufactures 
are now eftablifhed in this country in all 
their branches. Till about the years 
1720 or 1730 moft of the copper and 
brafs utenfils for culinary and other 
purpofes ufed in this country, were im-= 
ported from Hamburg and Holland, be- 
ing procured from the manufa@ories of 
Germany 5 even fo late as the years 17.45 
and 1750, copper tea-kettles, faucepans, 
and pots of all fizes, were imported here 
in large quantities; but through the per- 
fevering induftry, capitals, and enter- 
prifing {pirit of our miners and manufac- 
turers, thefe imports have become totally 
unneceffary, the articles being now all 
made here, and far better than any other 
country can produce*. ‘The difcovery of 
new copper-mines in Derbyfhire and 
Wales, about the year 1773, contributed 
to the extenfion of the manufacture in 
this country, and it appears to be ftill in- 
creafing, notwithftanding the very great 
advance in the price of copper during the 
lait two or three years, which muf cers 
tainly be attended with fome difadvantage 
with refpec& to foreign markets. The 
value of wrought copper and brafs ex- 
the year 1799 was 
1,222,187]. and there is reafon to believe 
that the whole value of thefe manufac- 
——— ne 
* Examination of T. Williams, efq. 
— Report of Committee on the Copper 
rade, 1799. 
tures 
