1e01.] 
then re-affembled to give their votes, and 
the three ecclefiaftics are prefented to the 
king, who choofes whom he pleafes, or 
may even fill up the vacancy with a dif- 
ferent perfon. If the parifh be confifto- 
rial, the confiftory fends thither three 
perfons to give neceffary proofs, and he 
who is favoured with a plurality of voices 
is appointed to the cure, without the for-- 
mality of being prefented to the king, or 
even of receiving the brief of the contift- 
ory. fndividuals, who poffers a right of 
patronage, nominate a perfon of their 
own choice, and prefent him to the con- 
fitory, who give him their brief. The 
chaplains are elected in the fame manner, 
and receive their briefs from the confift- 
ory. The provofts are elected by the 
clergy of the provoftfhips, and confirmed 
by the king, 
The Swedes preferve the reputation of 
having been always zealous fupporters of 
the Lutheran religion, which was fo much 
indebted to the courage and abilities of 
Guftavus Adolphus. Accordingly, not 
only the king, but even the knights of 
the different orders, fwear to maintain: 
and proteé that form of worfhip. Tole- 
ration, however, to other Proteftants hath 
long been eftablifhed, and, under Gufta- 
vus Il. was extended to foreigners in ge- 
neral, particularly te Catholics, and even 
to the Jews, who had before been pro- 
feribed. It is to be obferved that, in the 
prefent age, the principles of Helvetius 
have been much favoured, and of late 
places of truft have been committed even 
to Roman Catholics. Since 1771, there 
has exifted at Stockholm, the Societas Sue~ 
cana, pro Fide et Chriftianifine (the Swedifh 
Society for promoting the Faith and 
Chriftianity ;) and an ecclefiaftical com- 
mifiion hath undertaken the tafk of pro- 
pagating the gofpel among the Lapland- 
ers. ‘The followers of Swedenborg, who 
are {aid to have greatly multiplied in Eng- 
land, originated in Sweden. 1f we may 
credit vague report, their intention is to 
build the new Jerufalem, and to form 
their adepts into an independent republic, 
in the territory of Sierra Leona, on the 
coaft of Africa; but we have been af 
Aured, that they entertain no fuch pro- 
ject. “However this may be, in order to 
counteract the impreffion of this fpecies 
of funaticifm, a fociety has been formed 
under the charaGeriftic title of Pro 
Senfu Communi (For Common Senfe.) 
‘The univerfity of Upfal, fituated fome 
leagues from Stockholm, is the moft an- 
cient and the moft celebrated inthe king- 
dom. It contains about 500 itadents, fer 
whofe accommodation it has been fur- 
nifhed with a fine library, 2 fwperb mi 
eum, a valuable colle@ion of coins, a 
A Defeription of Modern Sweden, 509 
chirurgical amphitheatre, a chemical la- 
boratory, a cabinet of natural hiftory, an 
elegant botanical garden, a commodious 
obfervatory, &c. We have elfewhere 
faid that Lunden, which is the fecond 
Swedifh Univerfity, is furnifhed with 
three printing-houfes, but we were mif- 
taker; for it has only two. This place 
of ftudy is attended by nearly 300 ftu- 
dents. The third in order is the univer- 
fity of Abo in Finland, which is reforted 
to even by many youths from the Ruf- 
fian part of that country, and is fre- 
quented by about 500 ftudents. Befides 
thefe learned eftablifhments, Stockholm 
contains different profeffors, and feveral 
{chools, fuch as thofe for navigation, che- 
miftry, mechanics, and mufic, with a 
medical college and chirurgical fociety. 
The veterinary {chool is eftablifhed at 
Skara. 
The following are the principal aca- 
demiies in Sweden. 1, The Royal Aca- 
demy of Sciences at Upfal, whofe me- 
moirs are publifhed in Latin. 2. The 
Royal Academy of Sciences at Stockholm, 
who publifh their memoirs in Swedith, 
whence they are tran{lated into German. 
3. Tne Academy of Belles Lettres, Hit- 
tory and Antiquities at Stockholm, whofe 
memoirs are alfo in Swedifh. 4. The 
Royal Swedith Academy, formed on the 
plan of the French Academy, by Gufta- 
vus III. who attached a peniica to fome. 
of the memberfhips. Its object is the 
improvement of the Swedith language, 
poetry and eloquence. 5. The Royal 
Academy of Sciences eftablifhed at Got- 
tenburg, and which has publifhed fome 
memoirs. 6. The Phyfiographical So- 
ciety, Whofe objec is natural hiftory, and 
rural economy, chiefly as relating to the 
province of Schonen. 7. The Academy 
of Belles Lettres inftituted at Abo. 3%. 
‘The Society of Belles Lettres, Natural 
Hi tory, and Rural Economy, at Carl- 
frad. 9. The Finlandith Society of Ru- 
ral Economy. 10. ‘he Patriotic Society 
of Stockholm. 411. The Academy of 
Painting and Sculpture in the fame city, 
in which there are nine profeilors, and 
commonly about 400 fcholars. This aca- 
cemy annually ditributes three great and 
three {mall medals; and the ftudents who 
mo diftinguifh themfelves are permitted 
to travel into France and Italy at the exe 
pence of the inftitution. 12. lhe Society 
pour LP Luftruction aes Con-citoyens (for the 
Inftruction of their Fellow-Citizens,) 
which is very numerous, &c. Mott of 
thefe academics and focieties propofe an- 
nual ‘prizes, and publith accounts of their 
fuccefs. 
Formerly the Swedes were remarkable 
for thei application to antiquities and 
theclogy, 
