a 
1801.] 
raore than half the former number. The 
veifels of a flat conftruction are the more 
ufeful, as they can penetrate into gulphs, 
can approach the loweft coafts, and 
tranfport thither troops and provifions, 
and can effect a debarkation in Finland, 
when that province happens to be the 
theatre of war. 
_ According to an edi& of Guftavus HI 
money is to be calculated by the crown 
of forty-eight /chellings, each twelve rond- 
fiucks, or four ftivers. The Swedith 
crown is equivalent to that of the bank 
of Hamburgh. There are befides pieces 
Cl 32 XO) 8 4, and’ 2 {chellings; fo 
that this kind of money, reprefenting as 
many als of the damburgh bank, as it 
contains fchellings, anfwers exacily to 
that of Denmark, which has the fame 
bafis; but different divifions, making, 
for example, a Swedith piece of thirty- 
two ichellings anfwer: to a Danith one of 
forty, &c. The only gold coin {truck 
in Sweden is the ducat, which is equiva- 
lent to the Dutch coin of that name, or 
two crowns of the bank of Hamburch. 
The copper coins at prefent current, are 
the old pieces, value from one-twelfth 
to half a fchelling, and the new ones 
equivalent to the half or the quarter of a 
fchelling. 
Lhe wars and other prodigalities of 
Guitavus If]. have diftrefled and cruthed 
down the country with a new debt of 
17,000,000 filver crowns of the Ham- 
burg bank, which were renrefented by 
+ 
notes of tbe national debt (ditteren 
bank-notes), and of which there were 
fubdivifions as low as the eighth part of 
a crown, In 31792, the. national debt 
amounted in the whole io 29 000,000 
of crowns. A confiderable part of this 
debt, which was augaicnted during the 
regency, has been paid off under the 
new king, who appears to be extremely 
anxious to difcharee with fidelity the du- 
tiles he owes to his country. There are 
bank-notes for fixteen {chellings of the 
Hamburgh bank, and indeed they can be 
had for any fum. 
After what we have faid, taken in con- 
junction with the different reveries which 
Sweden has experienced during thefe laft 
years, and which human prudence could: 
fcarcely have prevented, it will be ealy 
to conceive the poffibility of the courfe 
of exchange at Hamburgh being feventy- 
fix ichellings for forty-elcht ; although, 
fince the convocation 6f the diet, the ex- 
chance has become much Jefs unfavour- 
able to Sweden, than it was before. 
{It is not fo eafy to determine the 
amount of the Swedifh revenues as the 
Danih ; for the potitical writers of Swe- 
‘ 
A Deferistion of Modern Swedén. 51 1 
den have not publithed fuch full accounts 
of this fubje& as the authors of Denmark, 
whofe accuracy in this refpect cannot be 
fufficiently commended. 
‘Thofe revenues confit of 
The land-tax (imports fur Jes biens fonds. ) 
The product of the tenths of the dif. 
ferent mines. Thofe of the iron-mines 
“alone are valued at 272,532. crowns. 
7 
The duties of the cuftoms. (Droits de 
douane.) 
Vhe duties on certain goods imported, 
(Dreaits d "ent ree.) 
The poit. office 
100,000 crowns.) 
_ Stamps (which yield nearly 300,000 
crows. ) | 
‘The pell-tax. 
Patent duties on the profeffion of mers 
chant, and the exercife of corporations 
rights. 
Acknowledgment from fhips on res 
turning from the Indies. 
Profits of the royal lottery, eftablithed 
in 3774 (the fir &fteen drawings of 
which yielded 150,000 crowns.) 
Profits of the national bank. 
Diftillery, farmed of the crown by dif. 
ferent individuals, an enormous branch of 
the revenue, and the moft fatal of Jeourses 
(cRimated at about 
‘ to the country *, 
Profits of the lombard. 
VYotal, in 1772, nearly two-millions of 
crowns. 
This revenue was foon after doubled, 
and has fince received confiderable aug 
mentations at different ti: aes, fo that the 
totalmay at prefent be ftated at five mil- 
lions of crowns. 
Agriculture has not been carried to 
the degree of perfection which might 
have been expected from a people who 
attend fo mnth to rural economy ; but it 
makes a rapid and even an aitonifhing 
progrefs, efpeciully in Finland. To the 
obitacles oppofed by nature to rural im- 
provements in Sweden, are to ba joined 
almoft incefiant factions, and too fre. 
quent wars. ‘If that country may boaft 
of. feveral great monarchs; who have 
been _perfonally acquainted with the 
art of goverament, and have acquired 
celebrity for thenwfelves and their coun= 
try, It is nevertheles certain, that fuch 
glory has coft the’ nation dear, by the 
injury it has done to its true intereits, a 
new proof that princes who. are too am-= 
bitious do no geod, at leaf to {mall 
ftates. 
* The words in Italics apply, with 
the firidte ft and moth lamentable pro- 
pticty, to Scotland, Tranflator, 
The 
